Monat: April 2018

Sanchez, Daniel L.; et al. (2018): Near-term deployment of carbon capture and sequestration from biorefineries in the United States

Sanchez, Daniel L.; Johnson, Nils; McCoy, Sean T.; Turner, Peter A.; Mach, Katharine J. (2018): Near-term deployment of carbon capture and sequestration from biorefineries in the United States. In Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1719695115.

„Here, we evaluate low-cost, commercially ready CO2[nbsp]capture opportunities for existing ethanol biorefineries in the United States. The analysis combines process engineering, spatial optimization, and lifecycle assessment to consider the technical, economic, and institutional feasibility of near-term carbon capture and sequestration (CCS). Our modeling framework evaluates least cost source–sink relationships and aggregation opportunities for pipeline transport, which can cost-effectively transport small CO2[nbsp]volumes to suitable sequestration sites; 216 existing US biorefineries emit 45 Mt CO2[nbsp]annually from fermentation, of which 60% could be captured and compressed for pipeline transport for under $25/tCO2.“

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The Conversation: What Earth Day means when humans possess planet-shaping powers

„Today you can travel to the furthest part of the Arctic Ocean, to the highest point of the Caucasus Mountains, to the remotest spot in the Australian outback and find the unmistakable signs of human activity. Chemical and industrial traces are now present in every pinch of soil and every drop of water. Transported by high-altitude atmospheric winds, millennia-old patterns of precipitation, and the tire treads of fossil-fuel-powered vehicles, the imprints of humanity reach all corners of Earth.“

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Kravitz, Ben; et al. (2018): The climate effects of increasing ocean albedo. An idealized representation of solar geoengineering

Kravitz, Ben; Rasch, Philip J.; Wang, Hailong; Robock, Alan; Gabriel, Corey; Boucher, Olivier et al. (2018): The climate effects of increasing ocean albedo. An idealized representation of solar geoengineering. In Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., pp.[nbsp]1–29. DOI: 10.5194/acp-2018-340.

Marine cloud brightening has been proposed as a means of geoengineering/climate intervention, or deliberately altering the climate system to offset anthropogenic climate change. As an idealized representation of marine cloud brightening, this paper discusses experiment G1ocean-albedo of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP), involving an abrupt quadrupling of the CO2 concentration and an instantaneous increase in ocean albedo to maintain approximate net top-of-atmosphere radiative flux balance. Eleven Earth System Models are relatively consistent in their temperature, radiative flux, and hydrological cycle responses to this experiment.

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