Monat: Februar 2019

Goeppert, A.; et al. (2019): Efficient, stable, oxidation resistant and cost effective epoxide modified polyamine adsorbents for CO2 capture from various sources including air

Goeppert, A.; Zhang, H.; Sen, R.; Dang, H.; Prakash, S. (2019): Efficient, stable, oxidation resistant and cost effective epoxide modified polyamine adsorbents for CO2 capture from various sources including air. In: ChemSusChem. DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201802978.

„Carbon dioxide adsorbents based on the reaction of pentaethylenehaxamine (PEHA) or tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) with propylene oxide (PO) were easily prepared in “one pot” by impregnation on a silica support in water. The starting materials are readily available and have a low cost facilitating the production of the adsorbents on a large scale. The prepared polyamine/epoxide adsorbents were efficient in capturing CO2 and regenerable under mild conditions (50‐85 °C).“

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Grist: Paris Agreement has gone up in smoke, new paper says

„The paper in Nature Climate Change focuses on the Paris Agreement’s targets for “land use change.” Translation: farming in ways that sequester carbon, growing new trees and stopping deforestation. This stuff really matters because lots of countries’ pledges depend on these efforts. The European Union’s member states, for instance, rely on land use change for “up to 40 percent reductions in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030,” the authors pointed out.“

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Brown, C.; et al. (2019): Achievement of Paris climate goals unlikely due to time lags in the land system

Brown, C.; Alexander, P.; Arneth, A.; Holman, I.; Rounsevell, M. (2019): Achievement of Paris climate goals unlikely due to time lags in the land system. In: Nat. Clim. Chang. 9 (3), S. 203–208. DOI: 10.1038/s41558-019-0400-5.

These shortcomings are partially the result of avoidable ‘blind spots’ relating to time lags inherent in the implementation of land-based mitigation strategies. Key blind spots include inconsistencies between different land-system policies, spatial and temporal lags in land-system change, and detrimental consequences of some mitigation options. We suggest that improved recognition of these processes is necessary to identify achievable mitigation actions, avoiding excessively optimistic assumptions and consequent policy failures.

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EASAC: Forest bioenergy, carbon capture and storage, and carbon dioxide removal: an update

„As global emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) continue to exceed levels compatible with achieving Paris Agreement targets, attention has been focusing on the role of bioenergy as a ‘renewable’ energy source and its potential for removing CO2 from the atmosphere when associated with carbon capture and storage (CCS). The European Academies’ Science Advisory Council (EASAC) examined these issues in 2017/18, but since then many peer-reviewed papers and international reviews have been published. EASAC has thus revisited these important issues and updates its earlier findings in this commentary.“

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PhD Project: The chemistry of industrial materials for removing CO2 from the atmosphere

„Alkaline industrial materials (e.g., cement, lime, iron and steel waste) are amongst the largest mass flows that humanity creates. Their creation and use are essential to society, but the manufacturing process of many of these materials emits a significant amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. […] The student will join Heriot-Watt’s Research Centre for Carbon Solutions, an internationally leading centre for researching proposals to prevent climate change. The centre includes state of the art laboratories, servicing a dynamic community of students and researchers.“

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Lockley, A.; et al. (2019): Geoengineering and the blockchain: Coordinating Carbon Dioxide Removal and Solar Radiation Management to tackle future emissions

Lockley, A.; Mi, Z.; Coffman, D. (2019): Geoengineering and the blockchain: Coordinating Carbon Dioxide Removal and Solar Radiation Management to tackle future emissions. In: Frontiers of Engineering Management. DOI: 10.1007/s42524-019-0010-y.

„Pairing SRM and CDR offers a contractually complete solution for future emissions if effectively-scaled and coordinated. SRM offsets warming, while CDR takes effect.We suggest coordination using a blockchain, i.e. smart contracts and a distributed ledger. Specifically, we integrate CDR futures with time and volume-matched SRM orders, to address emissions contractually before release.“

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Lockley, A. (2019): Security of solar radiation management geoengineering

Lockley, A. (2019): Security of solar radiation management geoengineering. In: Frontiers of Engineering Management. DOI: 10.1007/s42524-019-0008-5.

„Solar Radiation Management (SRM) geoengineering is a proposed response to anthropogenic global warming (AGW) (National Academy of Sciences, 2015). There may be profound – even violent – disagreement on preferred temperature. SRM disruption risks dangerous temperature rise (termination shock). Concentrating on aircraft-delivered Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (SAI), we appraise threats to SRM and defense methodologies. Civil protest and minor cyberattacks are almost inevitable but are manageable (unless state-sponsored).“

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Sharma, S.; et al. (2019): Carbon and evapotranspiration dynamics of a non-native perennial grass with biofuel potential in the southern U.S. Great Plains

Sharma, S.; Rajan, N.; Cui, S.; Maas, S.; Casey, K.; Ale, S.; Jessup, R. (2019): Carbon and evapotranspiration dynamics of a non-native perennial grass with biofuel potential in the southern U.S. Great Plains. In: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 269-270, S. 285–293. DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.01.037.

„Old world bluestem cultivar WW-B Dahl [Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz.), S. T. Blake] is a non-native perennial C4 bunch grass with biofuel production potential grown predominantly in the Southern U.S. Great Plains. Although this is a popular introduced grass cultivar, data on carbon fluxes and evapotranspiration (ET) from this warm-season grass is rare. In this study, the eddy covariance method was used to measure CO2 and ET from an established stand of bluestem for three years (2013–2015).“

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