Verma & Reddy (2024): Review of carbon sequestration by alkaline industrial wastes: potential applications in landfill biogeochemical cover systems

Gaurav Verma, Krishna R. Reddy IN: Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-024-01975-x

Landfill gas, resulting from the biodegradation of municipal solid waste, mainly consists of CH₄ and CO₂. To counteract uncontrolled CO₂ emissions from waste decomposition, an innovative, low-cost biogeochemical cover (BGCC) system for landfills utilizing biochar-amended soil and basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag for CO₂ carbonation has been developed. Despite the effectiveness of BOF slag in CO₂ removal, its limited availability near landfill sites presents sustainability challenges, necessitating the search for viable alternatives within the BGCC system that can achieve efficient CO₂ sequestration through direct aqueous mineral carbonation. This review explores various carbon sequestration techniques, identifying potential alkaline industrial solid wastes as substitutes for BOF slag, and evaluates these materials—namely cement kiln dust, blast furnace slag, coal fly ash, and concrete waste—for their compatibility with the BGCC system.

LINK