Markkanen et al. (2024): Sustainable negative emissions in Europe: Evaluating scenarios to meet carbon neutrality by 2050
Johanna Markkanen, Kati Koponen, Antti Lehtilä IN: Environmental Research Letters, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad71e1
With the Pan-European TIMES-VTT model, the authors studied pathways for carbon neutrality by 2050 for 31 European countries by modelling a large portfolio of varius terrestial and technological carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategies. Negative emission technologies and practices (NETPs) such as af-/reforestation, soil carbon sequestration, bioenergy with carbon capture and storage, direct air capture and storage, biochar, and enhanced weathering, were considered. Three different storylines were created to describe the role for NETPs in varying future developments. The scenario storylines illustrated potential opportunities and constraints for a large scale NETP implementation focusing on 1) optimistic technology development, 2) strict protection of planetary boundaries, and 3) increased self-sufficiency due to geopolitical risks with policy fragmentation.