Clauser et al. (2025): A techno-economic assessment of carbon dioxide removal pathways via biochemical conversion of lignocellulose to biofuels and bioplastics

Nicolas Clauser, Corinne D. Scown, Jennifer Pett-Ridge, William Joe Sagues IN: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2025.115714

The authors modeled several fermentation technologies, producing a variety of bioproducts from lignocellulosic feedstocks, to understand their levelized cost of CO₂ removal under multiple scenarios. Lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are accounted to provide cradle-to-grave estimates of carbon intensity (CI). They did not account for the avoided fossil CO₂ emissions from the use of biofuels in our CO₂ removal cost calculations, because avoided emissions do not contribute to CO₂ removal. The main products from the fermentation technologies they modeled include renewable diesel, ethanol, sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), and polyethylene (PE), with co-products including CO₂, adipic acid, steam, and electricity.

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