Wie & Moon (2025): Hysteresis in ocean export production owing to CO₂ forcing
Jieun Wie and Byung-Kwon Moon, IN: Scientific Reports, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15521-8
While ocean meridional overturning circulation, dissolved oxygen, and sea surface temperature are irreversible despite CO₂ reductions, the irreversibility of ocean export production is less understood. This study examines this phenomenon using CO₂ removal scenarios in the LOVECLIM model. The experiment quadrupled CO₂ from 367 ppm over 140 years at 1% per year, then decreased it at the same rate, followed by a 5,000-year restoration period.