Mulyani (2026): From Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal to Circular Blue Bioeconomy: A Systematic Review of Seaweed Cultivation, Verification, and Sustainability Trade-offs
Sri Mulyani, IN: I-joins: International Journal of Innovation and Sustainability, https://doi.org/10.65094/i-joins.v1i2.8
Seaweed cultivation has gained global attention as a potential marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR) strategy and as a cornerstone of the emerging circular blue bioeconomy. However, claims regarding its climate mitigation potential remain scientifically contested and unevenly governed. This systematic literature review synthesizes evidence across four interlinked dimensions: (i) carbon accounting, verification, and permanence; (ii) ecosystem and biogeochemical sustainability trade-offs; (iii) monitoring, MRV readiness, and spatial governance; and (iv) circular bioeconomy valorisation pathways.