Sarmah et al. (2026): Systematic review on proliferation of microalgae and carbon sequestration potential for sustainability
Mitrakhi Sarmah et al., IN: PubMed, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41731188/
Rising atmospheric CO₂ underscores the need for carbon mitigation strategies. Microalgae have emerged as a promising nature-based solution due to their exceptional photosynthetic efficiency, rapid biomass production, and adaptability to diverse environmental conditions. It satisfies the mandate of different sustainable development goals viz. SDG-02, 06, 07, 09, 12 and 13. This study investigates the carbon sequestration potential of various microalgae along with different microalgal cultivation systems, factors affecting cultivation, genetic interventions and solution-based applications. It was investigated that carbon sequestration potential of various microalgal strains varied in between 0.06 and 2.57 g L⁻¹ d⁻¹, where Haematococcus pluvialis exhibited the highest rate (2.57 g L⁻¹ d⁻¹). Among the different types of microalgae cultivation systems, the biofilm reactors and hybrid reactor designs were evaluated for higher efficiency. Environmental and operational factors influencing carbon fixation capacity are critically compared. The study explores genetic interventions for enhanced microalgal productivity both quantitatively and qualitatively.