Carbondioxid Removal katharina

Carbondioxid Removal katharina

Peer-reviewed Publications

Nature – Kar et al. (2025): Direct air capture of CO2 for solar fuel production in flow

Sayan Kar, Dongseok Kim, Ariffin Bin Mohamad Annuar, Bidyut Bikash Sarma, Michael Stanton, Erwin Lam, Subhajit Bhattacharjee, Suvendu Karak, 
Heather F. Greer, Erwin Reisner IN: Nature Energy, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01714-y

Direct air capture is an emerging technology to decrease atmospheric CO2 levels, but it is currently costly and the long-term consequences of CO2 storage are uncertain. An alternative approach is to utilize atmospheric CO2 on-site to produce value-added renewable fuels, but current CO2 utilization technologies predominantly require a concentrated CO2 feed or high temperature. Here we report a gas-phase dual-bed direct air carbon capture and utilization flow reactor that produces syngas (CO + H2) through on-site utilization of air-captured CO2 using light without requiring high temperature or pressure. 

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Nature – Braun et al. (2025): Multiple planetary boundaries preclude biomass crops for carbon capture and storage outside of agricultural areas

Johanna Braun, Constanze Werner, Dieter Gerten, Fabian Stenzel, Sibyll Schaphoff, Wolfgang Lucht IN: Communications Earth & Environment 6, 102, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02033-6

Six of nine planetary boundaries are currently transgressed, many related to human land use. Conversion of sizeable land areas to biomass plantations for Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) – often assumed in climate mitigation scenarios to meet the Paris Agreement – may exert additional pressure on terrestrial planetary boundaries. Using spatially-explicit, process-based global biogeochemical modelling, we systematically compute feedstock production potentials for BECCS under individual and joint constraints of the planetary boundaries for nitrogen flows, freshwater change, land system change and biosphere integrity (including protection of remaining forests), while reserving current agricultural areas for meeting the growing global demand for food, fodder and fibre. 

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Li et al. (2025): Fly ash-doped biochar fabricated by pyrolysis and hydrothermal strategies: characteristics and potentialities of carbon sequestration

Gang Li, Rongchuan Ye, Shumin Wu, Xianghui Liu, Meijing Huang, Jianda Guo, Yan Gao, Wei Chen, Yan Ma IN: Carbon Research 4, 23, https://doi.org/10.1007/s44246-024-00185-2

The oxidation of biochar occurs due to both natural and human influences during the soil carbon sequestration process. Therefore, it is crucial to produce high-stability biochar to achieve carbon neutrality. Fly ash-doped biochar was obtained from fly ash and corn stalks by employing hydrothermal/pyrolysis treatment, along with alkali impregnation at different temperatures. The microstructural characteristics and carbon sequestration potentials were studied as an essential performance parameter that was influenced by mineral doping and treatment temperature. 

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Peer-reviewed Publications

te Pas et al. (2025): Accounting for retarded weathering products in comparing methods for quantifying carbon dioxide removal in a short-term enhanced weathering study

Emily E. E. M. te Pas, Elliot Chang, Alison R. Marklein,
Rob N. J. Comans, Mathilde Hagens IN: Frontiers in Climate 6, 1524998, https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2024.1524998

Various approaches are currently used to quantify the carbon dioxide removalassociated with enhanced weathering, which involves amending soils with crushed silicate minerals. The authors aimed to contribute to the development of a standardized procedure for CDR quantification by complementing the results of a recently published soil column experiment, in which crushed olivine, wollastonite, and albite were added to soils, with total fusion ICP-OES analyses of base cation concentrations.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Nature – Beerling et al. (2025): Transforming US agriculture for carbon removal with enhanced weathering

David J. Beerling, Euripides P. Kantzas, Mark R. Lomas, Lyla L. Taylor, Shuang Zhang, Yoshiki Kanzaki, Rafael M. Eufrasio, Phil Renforth, Jean-Francois Mecure, Hector Pollitt, Philip B. Holden, Neil R. Edwards, Lenny Koh, Dimitar Z. Epihov, Adam Wolf, James E. Hansen, Steven A. Banwart, Nick F. Pidgeon, Christopher T. Reinhard, Noah J. Planavsky, Maria Val Martin IN: Nature, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08429-2

Enhanced weathering with agriculture uses crushed silicate rocks to drive CDR. If widely adopted on farmlands, it could help achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. Here we show, with a detailed US state-specific carbon cycle analysis constrained by resource provision, that EW deployed on agricultural land could sequester 0.16–0.30 GtCO2 yr−1 by 2050, rising to 0.25–0.49 GtCO2 yr−1 by 2070. 

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Schippers et al. (2025): Bargaining powers in cooperative Carbon Dioxide Removal deployment

Emma Jagu Schippers, Solène Chiquier, Olivier Massol, David Lowing, Niall Mac Dowell IN: Climate Policy, 1-16, https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2024.2445167

International cooperation has the potential to significantly reduce the costs of implementing CDR in line with the Paris Agreement. However, the success of interregional cooperation depends on whether a satisfying agreement can be reached. Regional bargaining powers may heavily influence the outcome of such an agreement. This paper uses cooperative game theory to assess bargaining powers in the cooperative deployment of CDR between the United States, the European Union, Brazil, and China. 

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Reginato (2025): Biotechnology in direct air capture, enhanced weathering, and methane removal: emerging opportunities and gaps

Paul L. Reginato IN: Frontiers in Climate 6, 1440833, https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2024.1440833

Due to the interdisciplinarity and novelty of greenhouse gas removal (GHGR) technologies, GHGR research faces challenges of adapting technical disciplines to new domains and broadly empowering researchers with the knowledge necessary to identify and solve key problems. This Perspective discusses the significant, but underexplored, role biotechnology could play in several GHGR technologies as well as the common research, community, and knowledge gaps that are limiting progress. The GHGR technologies of focus are (1) the potential for the enzyme carbonic anhydrase to catalyze CO2 exchange in direct air capture; (2) the potential utility of microbes for accelerating soil-based or reactor-based enhanced rock weathering; and (3) the potential for methanotrophic bacteria or methane monooxygenase enzymes to oxidize methane for atmospheric methane removal via enhanced methanotrophy or bioreactors.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Fu et al. (2025): Tidal-driven N2O emission is a stronger resister than CH4 to offset annual carbon sequestration in mangrove ecosystems

Chunwei Fu, Zhibo Shen, Shiheng Tang, Fengying Li, Xin Quan, Yang Wang, Ya Zhuang, Jiasen Zhong, Jianan Liu, Jianzhong Su, Min Xu, Yu Han, Shuh-Ji Kao, Ehui Tan IN: Science of The Total Environment 964, 178568, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178568

The mangrove ecosystems store a significant amount of “blue carbon” to mitigate global climate change, but also serve as hotspots for greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4 and N2O) production. The CH4 and N2O emissions offset mangrove carbon benefits, however, the extent of this effect remains inadequately quantified. By applying the 36 h time-series observations and mapping cruises, here the authors investigated the spatial and temporal distribution of GHGs and their fluxes in Dongzhaigang bay, the largest mangrove ecosystem in China, at tidal and monthly scales. 

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Oberlander et al. (2025): Assessing the impacts of simulated ocean alkalinity enhancement on viability and growth of nearshore species of phytoplankton

Jessica L. Oberlander, Mackenzie E. Burke, Cat A. London, Hugh L. MacIntyre IN: Biogeoschiences 22, 499-512, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-499-2025

One proposed NET is ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE), in which artificially raising the alkalinity favours formation of bicarbonate from CO2, leading to a decrease in the partial pressure of CO2 in the water. Subsequent invasion of atmospheric CO2 results in net sequestration of atmospheric carbon. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of simulated OAE, through the alteration of pH, on phytoplankton representative of the spring and fall blooms in nearshore, temperate waters.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Nair et al. (2024): Engineering microbiomes to enhance macroalgal health, biomass yield, and carbon sequestration

Shailesh Nair, Zenghu Zhang, Xiaojie Wang, Bo Zhang, Nianzhi Jiao, Yongyu Zhang IN: Green Carbon, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.greenca.2024.11.001

Macroalgae farming not only holds significant economic value but also contributes substantially to carbon sequestration, and therefore has gained intensified attention globally under climate change scenarios. However, its sustainability is increasingly threatened by anthropogenic and environmental changes. The health and resilience of macroalgae are intrinsically linked to their associated microbiomes, offering an untapped opportunity to enhance macroalgal farming through microbiome manipulation. In this review, the authors have summarized the current understanding of macroalgal microbiomes, highlighting critically underexplored microbial components, such as overlooked taxa, host specificity, and the environmental factors influencing microbiome composition, which hinder the development of effective microbiome engineering strategies. 

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