Tag: DAC

Peer-reviewed Publications

Cormos (2025): Techno-economic and environmental life cycle analysis of renewable-based combined potassium – calcium looping cycle for direct air CO2 capture

Calin-Cristian Cormos IN: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2025.116601

This work evaluates an innovative energy- and cost-efficient potassium – calcium looping cycle as a promising Direct Air CO2 Capture (DAC) technology. The potassium – calcium looping cycle is a reactive system which captures CO2 by a combination of liquid solvent and solid sorbent. The high temperature energy recovery capability of this system makes it very promising for an energy- and cost-efficient CO2 capture. To reduce the environmental impact, various renewable energy sources can be used to cover the required thermal duty, especially, the heat demand of the calcination reactor. The two investigated DAC concepts (fuelled by solar or biomass) are set to capture 1 Mt/y CO2 from air with about 75 % capture rate. The conceptual design, detailed process modelling and validation, followed by overall energy optimization, done by thermal integration analysis, were used to assess the key techno-economic and environmental performance indicators.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Dolat et al. (2025): Superstructure optimisation of direct air capture integrated with synthetic natural gas production

Meshkat Dolat, Kamran Keynejad, Melis S. Duyar, Michael Short IN: Applied Energy, DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125413

This study evaluates two integrated pathways for synthetic natural gas (SNG) production via direct air capture (DAC) and utilisation: Dual-Function Material (DFM) technology and Temperature-Vacuum Swing Adsorption (TVSA) combined with a Sabatier reactor. DFM technology, which combines CO₂ capture and methanation in a single unit, is compared against the more established TVSA-Sabatier process regarding techno-economic feasibility. Superstructure optimisation is employed to assess the performance of these two pathways across various upstream and downstream operating units and to examine the impact of different design factors on economic outcomes.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Neubrand et al. (2025): Activation and Fixation of Atmospheric CO2 through a 1,2,3-Triazole-based Mesoionic Carbene-Borane Adduct

Maren Neubrand, Jessica Stubbe, Richard Rudolf, Robert R. M. Walter, Maite Nößler, Biprajit Sarkar IN: Chemistry A European Journal, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202403942

Capturing atmospheric CO2 and converting it to valuable chemicals are important goals in contemporary science. Here, the authors present a simple, transition metal-free triazolylidene-borane adduct that can capture atmospheric CO2 and convert it to formate. Several key intermediates were isolated and characterized by a combination of multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The first closed cycle for the conversion of CO2 to formic acid by using the aforementioned triazolylidene-borane compound is also presented.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Prats-Salvado et al. (2025): owering Direct Air Capture: Overview of Existing Concepts and the Overlooked Role of Concentrated Solar Thermal Technologies

Enric Prats-Salvado, Nathalie Monnerie, Christian Sattler IN: Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports, 7, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40518-025-00255-y

This review aims to summarize the different energy sources that have been proposed to power direct air capture (DAC) of CO2, to assess their maturity and to suggest overlooked concepts.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Prats-Salvado et al. (2025): Powering Direct Air Capture: Overview of Existing Concepts and the Overlooked Role of Concentrated Solar Thermal Technologies

Enric Prats-Salvado, Nathalie Monnerie, Christian Sattler IN: Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40518-025-00255-y

Identifying energy sources for DAC that are both scalable and low in carbon intensity remains a major challenge for widespread deployment. Promising options have been identified, such as nuclear and curtailable renewables, as well as a growing interest in power-to-heat and fully electric solutions, and a research gap in the potential of CST technologies to power DAC systems.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Han et al. (2025): An integrated solution to mitigate climate change through direct air capture and diabatic compressed air energy storage

Yide Han, Yurong Liu, Xin Peng, Bo-Yu Peng, Yuxing Ding, Wenli Du, Weimin Zhong, Feng Qian IN: Energy Conversion and Management, 26, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100959

Direct air capture (DAC) is a technology designed to capture CO2 directly from ambient air for carbon removal, while compressed air energy storage (CAES) involves compressing and storing air for later use in energy generation. However, diabatic CAES (D-CAES) systems, despite their commercial deployment, face limitations due to reliance on combustion, contributing to environmental pollution. Liquid-based DAC (L-DAC) systems offer negative emissions but are energy-intensive, often depending on electricity from natural gas plants. This study introduces an integrated system where L-DAC captures CO2 emitted by D-CAES during discharge, using electricity directly supplied by D-CAES, thus addressing energy and environmental concerns.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Huang et al. (2025): Phase Change-Mediated Capture of Carbon Dioxide from Air with a Molecular Triamine Network Solid

Adrian J. Huang, Ankur K. Gupta, Henry Z. H. Jiang, Hao Zhuang, Malia B. Wenny Ryan A. Klein, Hyunchul Kwon, Katie R. Meihaus, Hiroyasu Furukawa, Craig M. Brown, Jeffrey A. Reimer, Wibe A. de Jong, Jeffrey R. Long IN: Journal of the American Chemical Society, https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.4c18643

The recent discovery that diamine-appended metal–organic frameworks can exhibit cooperative CO2 uptake via the formation of ammonium carbamate chains begs the question of whether simple organic polyamine molecules could be designed to achieve a similar switch-like behavior with even higher separation capacities. Here, the authors present a solid molecular triamine, 1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl)benzene (TriH), that rapidly captures large quantities of CO2 upon exposure to humid air to form the porous, crystalline, ammonium carbamate network solid TriH(CO2)1.5·xH2O (TriHCO2). The phase transition behavior of TriH converting to TriHCO2 was studied through powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and additional spectroscopic techniques further verified the formation of ammonium carbamate species upon exposing TriH to humid air.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Sun et al. (2025): Efficient and stable direct air capture with amine-functionalized MIL-100(Cr) metal-organic framework

Mengru Sun, Meng Zhao, Leyu Zhao, Qiang Wang, Jinzhu Ma, Hong He  IN: Environmental Functional Materials, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.efmat.2025.02.003

Amine-functionalized MOFs significantly enhance CO2 adsorption, yet most studies focus on adsorption capacity, with limited research on the impacts of water vapor and oxidative stability in practical DAC applications. Herein, MIL-100(Cr) was modified with polyethyleneimine (PEI), tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), and diethanolamine (DEA) via impregnation, and their CO2 capture performance under DAC conditions was systematically evaluated, including adsorption capacity, cyclic stability, water resistance, and oxidative stability.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Zheng et al. (2025): In-situ amine modification of porous polymer/silica spiral wound module for CO2 capture from ambient air

Rongrong Zheng, Mengyao Jiang, Yanfang Fan IN: Chemical Engineering Journal, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.161078

Herein, the authors demonstrate a flexible membrane solid amine adsorbent based on cellulose acetate/silica composite supports that is fabricated into a spiral wound module functioning as a gas–solid contactor, presenting reduced pressure drop and comparable adsorption capacities with powdery solid amine materials. First, the phase inversion method is utilized to prepare cellulose acetate/silica membrane support, where the doping amount of silic varies from 60 wt% to 80 wt%. After assembling the support into a spiral module, poly (ethyleneimine) (PEI) is loaded in the module via an in-situ amine impregnation method, that the amine solution flows into the module which could reduce the support mass loss encountered in the conventional static impregnation method.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Jung et al. (2025): Exploring the impact of hourly variability of air condition on the efficiency of direct air capture

Howoun Jung, Kyunam Kim, Jinhong Jeong, Aqil Jamal, Dong-Yeun Koh, Jay H. Lee IN: Chemical Engineering Journal, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.160840

This study delves into the impact of such environmental variations, focusing specifically on the energy consumption and productivity of DAC processes under daily and hourly fluctuating air conditions. Dynamic simulations coupled with the optimization of operating parameters were employed to investigate these effects. Bayesian optimization was utilized to refine the parameters for optimal DAC performance efficiently. 

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