Tag: Direct Air Capture

Science-Policy Documents

Galanti et al. (2025): Purity-Constrained TVSA Modeling of Lewatit VPOC 1065 for Direct Air Capture: Bridging Cured Thermodynamics, Process Design and Geometrical Analysis

Mattia Galanti, Kiia Kaaresvirta, Ivo Roghair and Martin van Sint Annaland, IN: ChemRxiv Preprint, https://chemrxiv.org/engage/chemrxiv/article-details/68f2480cdfd0d042d11a7903

This work develops a comprehensive temperature–vacuum swing adsorption modeling framework that unifies detailed adsorption thermodynamics for both dry and humid conditions, refined heat-transfer descriptions accounting for wall-driven regeneration, realistic treatment of auxiliary equipment, and explicit oxygen-purity constraints.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Alamin et al. (2025): The Long-Term Impact of Direct Capture Approaches to Carbon Dioxide Removal

Al Jay Lan J. Alamin, Melquezedec James T. Cruz, Bryan S. Hernandez and Eduardo R. Mendoza, IN: arXiv Preprint, https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.20593

Understanding the similarities and differences of the long term impact of different carbon dioxide removal (CDR) techniques is essential in determining the most effective and sustainable strategies to mitigate climate change. In particular, direct ocean capture (DOC) has emerged as a promising approach. In contrast to direct air capture (DAC) which separates carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, DOC performs the separation directly from seawater before storing it in geological reservoirs. In this study, the authors construct and analyze a kinetic system for CDR via DOC using chemical reaction network theory.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Kellou et al. (2025): The responsibility of investor-owned carbon majors to contribute to direct air carbon capture and storage investment

Dalia Kellou, Yoga Wienda Pratama, Cristian Zúñiga, Firza Riany, Matthew J. Gidden and Richard Heede, IN: Climate Policy, https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2025.2557230

Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) options are critical for achieving global climate objectives. Yet, many proposed removal technologies are in their formative phase. Significant near-term investments are necessary to buy down the cost of the technologies so that they can play a cost-efficient role in future mitigation. This raises questions about who should bear the responsibility to mobilize this risky early investment. Here, the authors propose that investment responsibilities for some novel CDR technologies can be assigned to large investor-owned ‘carbon majors’, drawing on principles of climate justice.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Kirppu et al. (2025): District heating with negative emissions – Direct Air Carbon Capture and Storage combined with Small Modular Reactors

Heidi Kirppu, Miika Räma, Esa Pursiheimo, Kati Koponen and Tomi J. Lindroos, IN: Carbon Capture Science and Technology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100533

Achieving Paris Agreement targets for climate change mitigation requires an urgent shift away from fossil fuels. In addition, negative emissions by permanently removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere are required. Both targets require substantial amounts of carbon neutral electricity and heat production. While electricity can be produced and transferred over long distances, the heat production needs to be local. This study investigates an energy system integrating both carbon neutral heat production and carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Mir et al. (2025): Advanced direct air capture of CO₂ using air conditioning systems: a life cycle assessment

Namra Mir, Aliya Banu, Yasser M. Abdellatif, Abdulkarem I. Amhamed and Yusuf Bicer, IN: The Society of Environmental Process Engineers, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104223

Rising global temperatures and deteriorating urban air quality underscore the urgent need for effective carbon removal technologies. Direct Air Capture (DAC) offers a promising solution, but its high energy demand raises concerns about overall sustainability. This study evaluates the environmental performance of a novel system that integrates DAC with Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) infrastructure to improve energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact. A cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) is conducted based on numerical modeling of the DAC-HVAC system. The integrated system exhibits significantly reduced environmental impacts compared to a standalone DAC unit.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Lee et al. (2025): Forest or machine? Public perceptions and acceptability of negative emissions technologies and practices across six European countries

Chieh-Yu Lee, Goda Perlaviciute and Linda Steg, IN: Climatic Change, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-025-04043-x

To limit climate change to 1.5 °C, negative emission technologies and practices (NETPs) are needed to supplement, not replace, other essential mitigation efforts. The authors conducted a large-scale survey on NETPs in six EU countries (N = 5,310) to examine: (1) public preferences for NETPs, next to other mitigation options; (2) how people evaluate the environmental and intergenerational consequences and acceptability of nature-based (i.e., afforestation and reforestation; AR) and technology-based NETPs (i.e., direct air capture with carbon storage; DACCS); (3) the relationship between the evaluation of consequences and acceptability judgements of AR and DACCS; and (4) public preferences for AR and DACCS in general versus in their own country.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Malakar et al. (2025): Beyond environmental identity: Testing public support for novel carbon dioxide removal in Australia using structural modelling

Yuwan Malakar, Chad M. Baum, John Gardner, Kerryn Brent, Talia Jeanneret, Livia Fritz and Benjamin K. Sovacool, IN: Journal of Environmental Management, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127633

Public acceptance is key to large-scale carbon dioxide removal (CDR)deployment, yet research on this topic is limited, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere. This study focuses on Australia, where interest in novel CDR is gaining momentum in both research and policy domains. The authors examine two key questions: (1) To what extent does the Australian public support novel CDR? and (2) What factors influence this support? Using a nationally representative survey of 340 members of the Australian public, with quotas set for age, gender, geographic region, income and education, they explore public perceptions of four CDR approaches: Direct Air Capture with Carbon Storage, Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage, Enhanced Rock Weathering, and Biochar. The authors develop and validate a structural model to understand how an interplay of factors shapes public perceptions of novel CDR, including perceived benefits and risks, trust in institutions, concerns about tampering with nature, and the environmental self-identity of participants.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Shakouri Kalfati & Abdulla (2025): An open-source dynamic model for direct air capture of carbon dioxide using solid sorbents

Milad Shakouri Kalfati and Ahmed Abdulla, IN: Carbon Capture Science and Technology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100516

Averting the worst consequences of climate change requires decarbonizing the global energy system and deploying carbon dioxide removal technologies, including the direct air capture of CO₂. To estimate the cost and performance of the latter technologies, climate and energy system analysts need numerical process models that are validated with experimental data. Existing process models often limit reconfiguration that accommodates different design choices or restrict modelling to steady-state conditions. However, ambient environmental conditions like temperature, humidity, pressure, and inlet CO₂ concentration vary, affecting capture. This study develops an open-source process model for direct air capture using solid sorbents. Starting from first principles, this model allows users to select facility sizes, sorbents, other design parameters, and locations to simulate the capture performance of a solid sorbent direct air capture plant. More importantly, users can incorporate climate data to determine site-specific performance. Here, model validation is presented for two cold-climate sorbents that are being proposed for nations in northern latitudes.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Science – Wu et al. (2025): Distributed direct air capture by carbon nanofiber air filters

Ronghui Wu, Hernan E. Delgado, Yi Xie, Yuanke Chen et al., IN: Science Advances, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adv6846

The rising atmospheric CO₂ concentration is one of the biggest challenges human civilization faces. Direct air capture (DAC) that removes CO₂ from the atmosphere provides great potential in carbon neutralization. However, the massive land use and capital investment of centralized DAC plants and the energy-intensive process of adsorbent regeneration limit its wide employment. The authors develop a distributed carbon nanofiber (CNF)–based DAC air filter capable of adsorbing CO₂ downstream in ventilation systems. The DAC air filter not only has the potential to remove 596 Mt CO₂ year⁻¹ globally but can also decrease energy consumption in existing building systems. The CNF-based adsorbent has a capacity of 4 mmol/g and can be regenerated via solar thermal or electrothermal methods with low carbon footprints.

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