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Gao et al. (2026): Assessing the effects of ocean alkalinity enhancement on marine protozoa: physiological dynamics and transcriptomic responses

Zuyuan Gao, Mengwen Pang, Mingjie Li, Yuzhen Ming, Hongbin Liu and Kedong Yin, IN: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.00298-26

Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is proposed as a potential tool to remove atmospheric CO₂ and mitigate climate change. However, the effects of OAE on marine protozoa remain poorly understood. In this study, the authors conducted acute and acclimated experiments on two heterotrophic nanoflagellates, i.e., Cafeteria burkhardae and Paraphysomonas longispina, to investigate their responses to two substances (NaHCO₃ and NaOH) at low (set ~2,600 µmol L⁻¹) and high (set ~4,000 µmol L⁻¹) levels, respectively.

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Olagaray et al. (2026): Metal Accumulation Risks in Enhanced Rock Weathering: Risk Assessment Framework and Recommendations

Noemma Olagaray, Jonathan Edward Lambert and Tannis Thorlakson, IN: CDRXiv, https://doi.org/10.70212/cdrxiv.2026546.v1

Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) has emerged as a promising carbon dioxide removal (CDR) pathway that could mitigate climate change while improving agricultural soils. However, as the rocks used in ERW weather, metals posing an environmental safety risk can also be released. The nascency of ERW, complex dynamics of metal release and availability, and heterogeneity of global soil regulations make it difficult for practitioners to determine accumulation risks for many metals. To systematically evaluate these risks, the authors created the ERW Metal Accumulation Calculator (ERW-MAC), a conservative mass-balance model that combines global feedstock and soil datasets to estimate post-ERW deployment soil concentrations for 16 metals across a variety of baseline conditions, agricultural practices, and a range of basalt and peridotite application rates.

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Lin et al. (2026): Ammonia hydrate-excited PASP chelation of calcium in electrolytic manganese residue: Synergistic mechanisms for enhanced CO₂ mineralization and desulfurization with environmental co-benefits

Fan Lin, Jiancheng Shu, Huimin Yang, Shaoqin Chen, Zhuoqi Liu, Shuhua Guo, Yanyan You, Yong Yang and Yihong Liu, IN: Chemical Engineering Journal, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.179038

Using calcium-rich industrial solid wastes for CO₂ mineralization is a highly promising Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) strategy. However, practical application is constrained by the sluggish dissolution kinetics of insoluble calcium minerals. Herein, the authors propose a chelation-enhanced strategy targeting electrolytic manganese residue (EMR), a representative sulfur/calcium-rich waste, utilizing a synergistic NH₃·H₂O-PASP system to achieve simultaneous high-efficiency desulfurization and CO₂ mineralization. Polyaspartic acid (PASP) functions as a potent alkaline chelator, boosting Ca²⁺ extraction to 473.13 mg/L.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Lee et al. (2026): European citizens’ perceptions of responsibility, capacity, and fairness of implementing negative emission technologies and practices

Chieh-Yu Lee, Goda Perlaviciute and Linda Steg, IN: npj Climate Action, https://doi.org/10.1038/s44406-026-00033-9

Negative emission technologies and practices (NETs) are crucial for climate change mitigation but raise technical, ecological, and social challenges. The authors surveyed 5,310 European citizens across six countries to examine how the national responsibility for causing climate change and capacity to implement NETs are related to how fair people think it is for a country to implement NETs. Following an experimental design, participants evaluated how fair it is to implement NETs in a country with either high or low CO₂ emissions (reflecting a country’s responsibility) and sufficient or insufficient resources (reflecting a country’s capacity). Next, they evaluated their own country’s responsibility and capacity, and fairness of implementing NETs in their country.

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Resplandy et al. (2026): Integrated perspective on ocean carbon cycle: Untangling facts, fluxes, and fictions

Laure Resplandy, Marina Lévy and Laurent Bopp, IN: Science Advances, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2480

The ocean carbon cycle spans multiple scales and reservoirs, challenging efforts to build a coherent picture and fostering misconceptions or fragmented narratives in science and public discourse. Common examples include the belief that the biological processes control the ocean’s carbon sink (i.e., fraction of human CO₂ emissions absorbed by ocean), that restoring coastal ecosystems is highly effective at mitigating climate change, or that whales substantially contribute to carbon sequestration. The authors provide a comprehensive review of living and nonliving ocean carbon stocks and fluxes—from plankton to mangroves, whales, fish, and plastics—and an integrated perspective on global ocean carbon cycling, disentangling well-supported insights from misconceptions. This synthesis reaffirms the ocean’s key role as a physics- and chemistry-driven carbon sink, while clarifying the limited contribution of coastal and open-ocean ecosystems to carbon sequestration and climate mitigation. The authors caution against frameworks that justify marine conservation through climate mitigation—a narrative useful to draw attention, but not always robust and unnecessary, since marine biodiversity is worth preserving regardless of its impact on carbon.

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Rombouts et al. (2026): Interactions between silicate weathering and ectomycorrhiza in severely acidified forests

Thomas Rombouts, Robrecht Van Der Bauwhede, Matteo Campioli, Håkan Wallander, Judith Sitters and Erik Verbruggen,IN: Communications Earth & Environment, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03592-y

Soil acidification driven by anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition is a growing global threat to forest health. Aside from direct nutrient-related effects, as forest soils acidify, severe reductions in ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi abundance and diversity follow. This is worrisome, as EcM fungi are essential for tree nutrient acquisition and are important catalysts of mineral weathering and soil formation. Conventional remediation techniques such as dolomite liming often increase buffering too rapidly, leading to disturbed EcM fungal communities. Enhanced silicate weathering (ESW), the application of finely ground rock dust, has emerged as a more gradual, slow-release antacid. However, interactions and feedback processes between ESW and EcM remain poorly understood. ESW may improve EcM conditions, with outcomes depending on fungal community composition and mineralogy of the applied rock dust. Because EcM also accelerates mineral weathering, the authors postulate a positive feedback between ESW, EcM recovery and silicate dissolution. This synergy could restore nutrient cycling and tree vitality, while stabilising soil organic carbon (SOC) through complexation onto secondary minerals.

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Mori et al. (2026): Challenges and opportunities of the full phase-out of fossil fuels under the 1.5 °C goal

Shotaro Mori, Siddharth Joshi, Volker Krey, Ken Oshiro, Oliver Fricko, Takuya Hara and Shinichiro Fujimori, IN: Nature Communications, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-72841-7

The COP28 decision called for transitioning away from fossil fuels, sparking a growing interest in their full phase-out. However, energy system transformation pathways towards a phase-out of fossil fuels, which may reduce the reliance on carbon dioxide removal to meet the 1.5 °C goal, remain unclear. Here, the authors employ two global energy system models to explore energy system transformations and the challenges and opportunities associated with attaining a full phase-out of fossil fuels.

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Gately et al. (2026): Abrupt alkalinization alters microbial diversity and promotes the proliferation of marine parasites in coastal microcosm experiments

James A Gately, Sylvia M Kim, Zoe S Welch, Joaquín Martínez Martínez, Dylan Catlett, Benjamin Jin, Madeline Manzagol, Angela Larson, Mark A Brzezinski and Maria D Iglesias-Rodriguez, IN: ICES Journal of Marine Science, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsag063

Mitigation of anthropogenic climate interference will likely require the removal of legacy atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂). Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is an abiotic marine carbon dioxide removal approach that accelerates the natural Earth process of rock weathering, but its effects on marine ecosystems remain uncertain. Here, the authors used outdoor microcosm experiments to investigate the effects of abrupt limestone-inspired and NaOH alkalinity additions of ∼750 μmol kg⁻¹, reflecting model-predicted OAE scenarios that produce severe localized impacts (e.g. large variations in pH and Ω).

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Gustafsson et al. (2026): Atmospheric black carbon in the climate system

Örjan Gustafsson, Krishnakant Budhavant, Navinya Chimurkar, Sean Clarke, Gabrielle Dreyfus, Xin Gong, Zbigniew Klimont, Klaus Klingmüller, Sang-Woo Kim, Jos Lelieveld, Gunnar Myhre, H.R.C.R. Nair, Jianfei Peng, V. Ramanathan, Archita Rana, M. R. Manoj, S. K. Satheesh, Chandra Venkataraman and Qiang Zhang, IN: Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-026-00773-3

Black carbon (BC) aerosols are short-lived climate pollutants with important, but uncertain, climate impacts. In this Review, the authors synthesize observations of atmospheric BC concentrations, sources, optical properties, lifetimes and climate effects, drawing comparisons with atmospheric model simulations.

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Martocello et al. (2026): The state of macroalgae carbon dioxide removal: insights from a methodology development team

Donald E. Martocello, Thomas Storwick and Carolyn Buchwald, IN: Frontiers in Climate, https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2026.1761760

In the face of anthropogenic climate change, there is strong impetus to develop and implement durable carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies, alongside emissions reductions. CDR is an emerging private sector industry seeking to provide scientifically rigorous carbon offsets for entities unable to reduce carbon emissions below regulatory compliance or to support voluntary claims of carbon neutrality and reduction. Among nature-based CDR strategies, macroalgae (seaweed) cultivation is frequently cited as a promising and emerging pathway for ocean carbon storage in a variety of contexts. Despite widespread discussion in the literature and numerous papers that have modeled successful long-term storage by macroalgae cultivation, few field-scale studies exist and no accepted carbon crediting framework exists. Recently, a joint industry-academic partnership attempted to develop a rigorous ecologically-sound carbon credit methodology that aligned the goals of private sector and academic interests in macroalgae CDR. This perspective piece discusses the story of this endeavor, outlining the fundamental science necessary for developing a methodology, challenges that ultimately prevented the team’s completion, and insights into the necessary steps for advancing macroalgae CDR further.

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