CO2-removal News

Peer-reviewed Publications

Abrar et al. (2025): Organic carbon sequestration in global croplands: evidenced through a bibliometric approach

Muhammad Mohsin Abrar, Muhammad Ahmed Waqas, Khalid Mehmood, Ruqin Fan, Muhammad Suleman Memon, Muhammad Ajmal Khan, Nadeem Siddique, Minggang Xu, Jianjun Du IN: Frontiers in Environmental Science DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2025.1495991

The bibliometric study investigated the current status and development characteristics, research impact, intellectual base, and research hotspots of highly cited cropland SOC sequestration research using the Web of Science Core Collection databases from 2012 to 2022. The analysis and visualization tools such as Biblioshiny, VOSviewer, CiteSpace, Power BI, and Flourish Studio, provided a comprehensive approach for research evaluation, identifying trends, and knowledge mapping of cropland SOC sequestration research.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Nature – Wang et al. (2025): Agricultural activities increased soil organic carbon in Shiyang River Basin, a typical inland river basin in China

Qinqin Wang, Yuanxiao Xu, Guofeng Zhu, Siyu Lu, Dongdong Qiu, Yinying Jiao, Gaojia Meng, Longhu Chen, Rui Li, Wenhao Zhang, Ling Zhao, Xiaoyu Qi, Yuhao Wang, Eenwei Huang & Wentong Li IN: Nature scientific reports, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-90424-2

The study focuses on the farmland in the typical inland river basin of the Shiyang River. The authors established an observation system and collected soil samples from different areas within the basin: upstream (mountainous farmland), midstream (oasis farmland), and downstream (farmland at the edge of the oasis). They analyzed the SOC content and compared the effects of various agricultural activities (abandoned land, forest land, grassland, and farmland abandoned for two years) on SOC levels.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Nature – Wang et al. (2025): Mapping accumulated carbon storage of global mangroves from 2000 to 2020 at a 1 km resolution

Moran Wang, Tianyuan Zhang, Yongjuan Xie, Zhiqiang Zhang, Xudong Wu IN: Nature Scientific Data, DOI: 10.1038/s41597-025-04881-5

The study pioneered the development of a global gridded dataset of mangrove accumulated carbon storage (2000–2020) at a 1 km resolution, by utilizing the most recent high-precision mangrove distribution data from the Global Mangrove Watch. The resolving dataset captures the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of mangrove accumulated carbon storage and pinpoints hotspots of accumulated carbon stock changes at both global and regional levels.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Shen et al. (2025): Mechanistic Insights into CO₂ Sequestration via Clathrate Hydrate Formation from Molecular Simulations: Influence of Temperature and Pressure

Yukun Shen, Qianghui Shen, Yi Jin, Zhongjin He IN: Energy Fuels, DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00682

Complex temperature/pressure conditions are present in the process of CO₂ sequestration in hydrate form in subsea sediments; how temperature and pressure affect CO₂ hydrate formation remains unclear. To address this issue, the authors conducted molecular dynamics simulations to explore CO₂ hydrate formation in a CO₂/water two-phase system under a series of temperature/pressure conditions.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Zhao et al. (2025): Amino Acid-Functionalized Nanoporous Metal–Organic Frameworks for Boosting CO2 Capture under Dry and Humid Conditions

Yikang Zhao, Zhongzheng Zhang, Qiang Gao, Wei Wei IN: ACS Applied Nano₂Materials, DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.5c00485

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), a class of porous materials, featuring high surface areas, chemical tunability and stability, have been extensively studied for their applications in gas adsorption and separation, particularly in carbon dioxide (CO2) capture. However, their CO2 capture capacities often decrease under humid conditions and cannot meet practical application requirements. The authors present a facile postsynthetic method to enhance the CO2 capture performance of the materials.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Mendez et al. (2025): Deep uncertainty in carbon dioxide removal portfolios

Quirina Rodriguez Mendez, Felix Creutzig, Sabine Fuss IN: IOP SCIENCE, DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/adc613

The authors introduce the CDR Sustainable Portfolios with Endogenous Cost (CDR-SPEC) model, a mixed-integer linear optimization model for cost-optimal and time-dependent CDR portfolios including endogenous treatment of technology cost dynamics. They explore future uncertainty in three key dimensions: realisable mitigation potentials, cost dynamics, and resource constraints. The authors demonstrate that afforestation and reforestation, and soil carbon sequestration appear as robust options, deployed regardless of the removals required. Direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS) emerges as the most deployed technology in 2100 at median value (6.7 GtCO₂/yr), but with the widest range of possible outcomes (interquartile range from 4 to 8.7 GtCO₂/yr) depending largely on future renewable energy capacity and annual geological storage injection rates. Bioenergy with CCS (BECCS) deployment remains severely constrained by available land, as the median falls from 1.8 to 0.3 GtCO₂/yr in land-constrained scenarios, but gains portfolio share when future energy availability is bounded. The simulations also reveal that ocean alkalinisation could become a dominant solution in high removal scenarios.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Liu et al. (2025): Unexplored Carbon Sink Potential? Exploring Pathways to Integrate Peatland Restoration into CDM and REDD+ Mechanisms

Zhengting Liu, Canni Lin, Huijun Ren IN: ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c08707

The paper explores the feasibility and potential benefits of integrating peatland restoration into existing climate finance mechanisms, such as the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+). Research indicates that peatland restoration has a significant cost-effectiveness advantage over other carbon reduction methods, creating sustainable economic value within the carbon market. By employing scientifically robust carbon credit evaluation methods and leveraging advanced technologies such as eddy covariance systems, satellite remote sensing, and ground-penetrating radar, peatland restoration projects can achieve high-precision Monitoring, ensuring the reliability of carbon credit accounting. Furthermore, the involvement of academic institutions greatly enhances the transparency and scientific rigor of peatland monitoring, effectively addressing verification challenges within CDM and REDD+ frameworks. The paper also proposes introducing baseline-setting methodologies, similar to those used in industrial emissions reduction projects, into peatland carbon accounting, quantifying the reductions in greenhouse gases such as CO₂ and CH₄ to establish more accurate and effective carbon credit standards.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Yao & Zhang (2025): Life Cycle Assessment in the Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification of Land-Based Carbon Dioxide Removal: Gaps and Opportunities

Yuan Yao, Bingquan Zhang IN: Environmental Science & Technology, DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c09510

The paper examined recent Life cycle assessment (LCA) studies and monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) protocols published by main carbon registries, focusing on four critical land-based CDR methods: bioenergy combined with carbon capture and storage, biochar, enhanced rock weathering, and afforestation and reforestation. The authors compared the carbon accounting and environmental impact assessment methods employed in these LCA studies and MRV protocols to identify their methodological similarities and differences. The analysis of the paper reveals that the LCA community can support MRV protocols by providing critical insights into baselines, additionality, uncertainty, multifunctionality, environmental safeguards, holistic emission factors, and overlooked carbon pools.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Yan et al. (2025): Alkalinity Factory Can Achieve Positive Climate Benefits Within Decades

Qinglin Yan, Liwen Zheng, Wen Zhuang, Jihua Liu, IN: Journal of Cleaner Production, DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145406

In the study, the authors employed a life cycle assessment approach to evaluate the climate contributions of several pre-configured alkalinity factories, and milled olivine was taken as a stable alkalinity source, named the marine alkalinity reinforcement system (MARS).

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Kumar et al. (2025): Impact of biochar amendment on soil microbial biomass carbon enhancement under field experiments: a meta-analysis

Yogesh Kumar, Wei Ren, Haiying Tao, Bo Tao, Laura E. Lindsey IN: Biochar, DOI: 10.1007/s42773-024-00391-6

The authors collected 539 paired globally published observations to study the impacts of biochar on SMBC under field experiments. The results suggested an overall positive impact of biochar (21.31%) on SMBC, varying widely with different climate conditions, soil types, biochar properties, and management practices. Biochar application exhibits significant impacts under climates with mean annual temperature (MAT) < 15 °C and mean annual precipitation (MAP) between 500 and 1000 mm. Soils of coarse and fine texture, alkaline pH (SPH), soil total organic carbon (STC) content up to 10 g/kg, soil total nitrogen (STN) content up to 1.5 g/kg, and low soil cation exchange capacity (SCEC) content of < 5 cmol/kg received higher positive effects of biochar application on SMBC. Biochar produced from crop residue, specifically from cotton and maize residue, at pyrolysis temperature (BTM) of < 400 °C, with a pH (BPH) between 8 and 9, low application rate (BAP) of < 10 t/ha, and high ash content (BASH) > 400 g/kg resulted in an increase in SMBC. Low biochar total carbon (BTC) and high total nitrogen (BTN) positively affect the SMBC. Repeated application significantly increased the SMBC by 50.11%, and fresh biochar in the soil (≤ 6 months) enhanced SMBC compared to the single application and aged biochar. Biochar applied with nitrogen fertilizer (up to 300 kg/ha) and manure/compost showed significant improvements in SMBC, but co-application with straw resulted in a slight negative impact on the SMBC. The best-fit gradient boosting machines model, which had the lowest root mean square error, demonstrated the relative importance of various factors on biochar effectiveness: biochar, soil, climate, and nitrogen applications at 46.2%, 38.1%, 8.3%, and 7.4%, respectively. Soil clay proportion, BAP, nitrogen application, and MAT were the most critical variables for biochar impacts on SMBC.

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