Schlagwort: carbon sequestration

Awan Bhati, Mark Hamalian, Palash V. Acharya, Vaibhav Bahadur IN : ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c03809

The auhators report ultrafast formation of carbon dioxide (CO₂) hydrate foam without the use of any conventional chemical promoters or mechanical agitation. Our 6× enhancement in the CO₂ sequestration rate (based on net gas consumption) results from the high flow rate sparging of CO₂ gas in water in an open system (constant gas inflow/outflow) in the presence of magnesium. This approach continuously renews the gas–water–hydrate interface, thereby increasing the growth rate. The CO₂ gas consumption rate (for hydrate foam formation) and foam composition (hydrate, CO₂ dissolved in water, trapped CO₂ gas) are experimentally quantified versus various parameters, including thermodynamic (pressure), CO₂ flow-related parameters (flow rate, duration), water composition, and quantity of magnesium. The maximum measured CO₂ sequestration rate (time-averaged) of 1276.5 g h^–1 L^–1 MPa^–1 is 6 times higher than the fastest reported instantaneous rate.

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Yaling Xu, Jun Li, Chengye Zhang, Simit Raval, Li Guo, Fei Yang IN: Scientific Reports, 14, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64381-1

Here, the authors provided a novel approach to assess the dynamics of carbon sequestration in vegetation (VCS) affected by large-scale surface coal mining and subsequent restoration. This approach effectively overcomes the limitations imposed by the lack of finer scale and long-time series data through scale transformation. The findings deepen insights into the intricate relationship between coal resource development and ecological environmental protection.

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Emiko K. Stuart, Laura Castañeda-Gómez, Wolfram Buss, Jeff R. Powell, Yolima Carrillo IN: Biogeosciences, 21, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1037-2024

Here, with the aim of identifying novel organisms that could be introduced to crop plants to promote C sequestration, the authors assessed the soil C storage potential of 12 root-associated, non-mycorrhizal fungal isolates (spanning nine genera and selected from a wide pool based on traits potentially linked to soil C accrual) and investigated fungal, plant and microbial mediators. They grew wheat plants inoculated with individual isolates in chambers allowing continuous ¹³C labelling. After harvest, the authors quantified C storage potential by measuring pools of different origin (plant vs. soil) and different stability with long-term soil incubations and size/density fractionation. They assessed plant and microbial community responses as well as fungal physiological and morphological traits in a parallel in vitro study.

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Xing Zhu, Chenxi Du, Bo Gao, Bin He IN: Nature Communications, 15, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-49320-y

In this study, the authors introduce EcoLeaf, an artificial leaf that closely mimics the characteristics of natural leaves. It harnesses visible light as its sole energy source and orchestrates the controlled expansion and contraction of stomata and the exchange of petiole materials to govern the rate of CO₂ sequestration from the atmosphere. Furthermore, EcoLeaf has a cellulose composition and mechanical strength similar to those of natural leaves, allowing it to seamlessly integrate into the ecosystem during use and participate in natural degradation and nutrient cycling processes at the end of its life.

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Ruben W. Salvador, Ruey-An Doong IN: Chemosphere, 361, 142478, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142478

With escalating global waste generation, there is an untapped opportunity to integrate carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies into existing municipal solid waste (MSW) management processes. This review explores current research on utilizing MSW for CDR, emphasizing its potential for both energy generation and carbon sequestration. The investigation covers three waste management practices: landfilling, waste-to-energy (WtE), and biochar production, revealing two paths for carbon sequestration. First, MSW serves as a feedstock in bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), acting as a carbon-neutral resource that avoids fossil fuel and energy crop use, reducing GHG emissions and generating value through energy production. Second, direct storage of organic MSW and its derivatives, like biochar, in various carbon sinks allows for extended sequestration, offering a comprehensive approach to address the challenges of waste management and climate change mitigation.

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Gaurav Verma, Krishna R. Reddy IN: Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-024-01975-x

Landfill gas, resulting from the biodegradation of municipal solid waste, mainly consists of CH₄ and CO₂. To counteract uncontrolled CO₂ emissions from waste decomposition, an innovative, low-cost biogeochemical cover (BGCC) system for landfills utilizing biochar-amended soil and basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag for CO₂ carbonation has been developed. Despite the effectiveness of BOF slag in CO₂ removal, its limited availability near landfill sites presents sustainability challenges, necessitating the search for viable alternatives within the BGCC system that can achieve efficient CO₂ sequestration through direct aqueous mineral carbonation. This review explores various carbon sequestration techniques, identifying potential alkaline industrial solid wastes as substitutes for BOF slag, and evaluates these materials—namely cement kiln dust, blast furnace slag, coal fly ash, and concrete waste—for their compatibility with the BGCC system.

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Lingfan Wan, Guohua Liu, Jian Sun, Jiaxin Ma, Hao Cheng, Yu Shen, Chenjun Du, Xukun Su IN: Science of The Total Environment 927, 172006, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172006

Grasslands account for approximately one-third of the global terrestrial carbon stocks. However, a limited understanding of the impact of grazing exclusion on carbon storage in grassland ecosystems hinders progress towards restoring overgrazed grasslands and promoting carbon sequestration. In this study, the authors conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to investigate the effects of grazing exclusion on aboveground biomass and soil organic carbon in four grasslands: alpine grasslands, tropical savannas, temperate subhumid grasslands, and a semi-desert steppe.

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