Schlagwort: enhanced rock weathering

Peer-reviewed Publications

Rineau et al. (2026): Enhanced weathering leads to substantial C accrual on crop macrocosms

Francois Rineau, Alexander H. Frank, Jannis Groh, Kristof Grosjean, Arnaud Legout, Daniil I. Kolokolov, Michel Mench, Maria Moreno-Druet, Benoît Pollier, Virmantas Povilaitis, Johanna Pausch, Thomas Puetz, Tjalling Rooks, Peter Schröder, Wieslaw Szulc, Beata Rutkowska, Xander Swinnen, Sofie Thijs, Harry Vereecken, Janna V. Veselovskaya, Mwahija Zubery, Renaldas Žydelis and Evelin Loit, IN: Biogeosciences, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-2261-2026

Enhanced weathering (EW) is proposed as a key strategy for climate change mitigation and carbon dioxide removal technology. Dissolution of silicate minerals enhances the alkalinity of the pore water, resulting at a shift of the carbonate system towards carbonate and bicarbonate, leading to higher dissolved inorganic carbon when the water is equilibrated with the atmosphere. Here, the authors evaluated the effects of EW on a crop ecosystem under future climate change conditions within a macro-scale ecotron – an enclosed facility enabling complete quantification of carbon fluxes among the atmosphere, vegetation, soil, and leachates.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Ma et al. (2026): Enhanced Rock Weathering Increases Soil Carbon but Reduces Soil Organic Carbon Stability in Subtropical Croplands

Lei Ma, Manyi Li, Hualian Zhang, Zheng Mao, Shuqing Zhang, Chen Wang, Cheng Li, Shiwei Liu and Pujia Yu, IN: Agriculture, https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture16030338

Enhanced rock weathering is regarded as a promising carbon dioxide removal method because of its potential to sequester soil inorganic carbon (SIC). However, the influence of enhanced rock weathering on changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) content, fractions and stability remains poorly understood. A randomized block experiment design employing five basalt addition rates (0 (CK), 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 kg·m⁻²) and four replicates was designed to investigate the influences of basalt addition on SOC and SIC content and stocks, SOC fractions and SOC stability in subtropical cropland, where Zea mays L. and Brassica juncea (L.) Czern were annually rotated. Soil samples were collected from depths of 0–15 cm and 15–30 cm one year after the addition of basalt.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Zacharias (2026): Repurposing enhanced rock weathering for brownfield cleanup: a practical carbonate–silicate remineralization method for stabilizing cationic metals in shallow soils

Quinn Zacharias, IN: EarthArXiv, https://doi.org/10.31223/X53F5Q

Brownfield, mining-impacted, urban fill, and legacy agricultural sites often contain cationic metals concentrated in shallow soil horizons, where they sustain direct-contact, dust, and leaching risk and can complicate redevelopment. This paper reframes enhanced rock weathering (ERW), originally advanced for carbon dioxide removal, as a practical remineralization approach for immobilizing cationic metals in soil. The proposed method is not simply another mineral amendment. It uses controlled carbonate–silicate blends to accelerate soil-aging processes, acid neutralization, increased negative surface charge, Ca and Mg occupation of exchange sites, hydrolysis, sorption, and secondary Fe–Al mineral formation that shift metals from labile and leachable pools toward less mobile forms. The framework is grounded in a watershed-scale Vermont field deployment of low-Ni, Fe–Al-rich basalt and in prior liming, wollastonite, and ERW literature. Across these lines of evidence, silicate remineralization behaves as a slow-release liming system, hydrologically connected receiving zones can show strong buffering signatures, and metal lability can decline where alkalinity and base cations accumulate.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Qi & Jian (2026): Evaluation of rock resources for carbon dioxide removal by enhanced weathering: A South China case

Shan Qi and Xing Jian, IN: Applied Geochemistry, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2026.106812

With the challenge of rising atmospheric CO₂, Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW) has emerged as a promising climate mitigation strategy. By spreading ground weatherable rocks (mostly mafic and ultra-mafic silicate rocks) to cropland, forest and coast in climatically favorable regions, ERW is thought to involve both benefits and environmental risks. While previous studies have mainly focused on carbon removal abilities and efficiencies of the most favorable minerals and rocks, high-potential rock resource surveys and comprehensive regional assessments integrating diverse beneficial and risk factors are poorly reported. In this contribution, the authors bridged this gap by first establishing a robust geochemical database of 7037 mafic and ultramafic rock samples across South China. Using this database, the authors developed a multi-criteria evaluation framework considering weathering potential, nutrients, heavy metals, and local climatic factors. The weight allocation in the system was determined by the Inter-criteria Correlation (CRITIC) method and subjective adjustment to assess the ERW potential of these rocks.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

te Pas (2026): Towards “set-in-stone” co-deployment of enhanced rock weathering and biochar – an experimental study on their CO₂ removal and agronomic co-benefits

Emily E. M. te Pas, IN: Wageningen University, https://doi.org/10.18174/681512

To limit global temperature rise well below 2⁰C, Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) Removal (CDR) strategies, such as Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW) and biochar, are urgently required. Besides CDR, ERW releases nutrients and trace metals, while biochar surfaces may bind these weathering products. The main objective of this research was to experimentally study whether and through which processes ERW, and biochar co-deployment, can promote carbon sequestration, while limiting trace metal risks and providing agronomic co-benefits.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Hkaung et al. (2026): Enhanced rock weathering in acid mine drainage systems: Field evidence and passive treatment implications

Htut San Hkaung, Naito Yamashita, Nono Kimotsuki, Fugo Nakamura, Frances Chikanda, Ryosuke Kikuchi, Yoko Ohtomo, Tsubasa Otake and Tsutomu Sato, IN: Cleaner Engineering and Technology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2026.101203

Despite basalt-based Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW) showing promise in croplands, identifying alternative application sites is crucial for scaling carbon dioxide removal (CDR) and maximizing co-benefits. This study investigated acid mine drainage (AMD) systems as potential ERW sites, emphasizing the use of mining waste rock as reactive material. AMD environments are naturally acidic and characterized by continuous flow, conditions that accelerate mineral dissolution and enhance ERW effectiveness. Field-scale ERW trials were conducted in two AMD-impacted rivers in Japan using locally sourced basaltic waste rock (1–2 mm). At each site, one ton of crushed rock was deployed: (1) Yoshioka basaltic andesite (Yk) in the Amemasu River, and (2) Tetsuzan basalt (Tz) in the Shojin River.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Hkaung et al. (2026): Enhanced rock weathering in acid mine drainage systems: Field evidence and passive treatment implications

Htut San Hkaung, Naito Yamashita, Nono Kimotsuki, Fugo Nakamura, Frances Chikanda, Ryosuke Kikuchi, Yoko Ohtomo, Tsubasa Otake and Tsutomu Sato, IN: Carbon Capture Science & Technology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2026.101203

Despite basalt-based Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW) showing promise in croplands, identifying alternative application sites is crucial for scaling carbon dioxide removal (CDR) and maximizing co-benefits. This study investigated acid mine drainage (AMD) systems as potential ERW sites, emphasizing the use of mining waste rock as reactive material.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Jordan et al. (2026): On the pH-dependent export of anthropogenic alkalinity in pore water through soil: Implications for enhanced rock weathering

Jacob S Jordan, Mohammad Afzal Shadab, Valentina Prigiobbe, Yoshiki Kanzaki, Noah Planavsky and Chris Reinhard,IN: CDRxiv, https://doi.org/10.70212/cdrxiv.2026489.v1

Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) is a highly scalable carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategy. In ERW deployments, pulverized mineral feedstock is spread on agricultural or managed lands. Upon the dissolution or weathering of the feedstock while exposed to the elements, cations are released, altering the charge balance of the pore water in the soil. The introduction of the divalent cations calcium (Ca²⁺) and magnesium (Mg²⁺) catalyzes the conversion of CO₂ to dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), principally bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻). The efficacy of ERW hinges on the maintenance and export of HCO₃⁻ through the soil. To explore the mechanistic underpinnings of ERW, the authors develop a theoretical framework for the pH-dependent adsorption and desorption of cation solutes onto charged mineral surfaces in a porous medium.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Fernandes et al. (2026): Exploring carbon dioxide removal strategies to help decarbonise Europe using high-resolution modelling

Ricardo Fernandes, Alberto Alamia, Sina Kalweit and Marta Victoria, IN: arXiv, https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.25663

The electrification of energy demand across sectors, powered by solar and wind generation, is the best strategy for achieving carbon neutrality. Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategies are also expected to play a crucial role by providing net-negative emissions that can offset residual CO₂ emissions, including those from cement manufacturing. While previous studies have assessed the role of CDRs in Europe’s decarbonisation, most either focus solely on combinations of biogenic point-source capture and direct air capture (DAC) coupled with underground sequestration, or consider multiple CDR strategies at low spatial and temporal resolution, thereby limiting the representation of linkages amongst technologies. In this study, the authors extend the sector-coupled European energy system model PyPSA-Eur to include afforestation, perennialisation, biochar, and enhanced rock weathering (ERW) as additional CDR strategies.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Skov et al. (2026): A Novel Soil Porewater Extraction Technique for Enhanced Rock Weathering Products: SATuration – Centrifugation – Preprint

Kirstine Skov, Anežka Radkova, Kitty Agace, Talal Albahri, Matt Aitkenhead, Tzara Bierowiec, David Boldrin et al., IN: CDRxiv, https://doi.org/10.70212/cdrxiv.2026496.v1

Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW) involves the application of crushed silicate-rich minerals to agricultural soils as a promising Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) strategy, with potential benefits for soil health and crop productivity. Effective Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) techniques are essential for carbon credit validation and scalability of ERW. Current MRV methods, such as in-field soil porewater extraction, represent a potential barrier for scaling-up ERW because the accuracy, sensitivity, and consistency of this technique is limited by soil moisture availability. Here the authors test a new technique for quantifying ERW called the SATuration Centrifugation (SAT-C) technique, which could prove to be a more accurate, sensitive, and consistent means of quantifying ERW. This novel method combines soil core saturation using deionized water and centrifugation to extract porewater from a defined soil volume, independent of initial moisture conditions.

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