Schlagwort: enhanced weathering

Peer-reviewed Publications

Vandeginste et al. (2024): Exploratory Review on Environmental Aspects of Enhanced Weathering as a Carbon Dioxide Removal Method

Veerle Vandeginste, Carl Lim, Yukun Ji IN: Minerals 14(1), 75, https://doi.org/10.3390/min14010075

This exploratory review paper provides an overview of the fundamental mechanisms behind enhanced weathering, and outlines the techniques for its implementation. The environmental benefits of enhanced weathering are highlighted, including carbon dioxide removal, and improvement of soil fertility. Furthermore, potential impacts on ecosystems and biodiversity are examined, along with the effects on water, soil and air quality. The paper also considers the risks and challenges associated with large-scale implementation and long-term stability of enhanced weathering. Additionally, the integration of enhanced weathering with Sustainable Development Goals is explored, along with the potential co-benefits and trade-offs with other sustainability objectives.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Zhou (2024): Potential CO2 capture via enhanced weathering by basaltic sand spreading on golf courses in the U.S.

Qiyu Zhou IN: International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 131, 104032, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2023.104032

Silicate minerals weathering converts atmospheric CO2 to bicarbonate that stored in water. Golf courses regularly apply quartz-dominated sand as typical turfgrass management practice, and replacing quartz-dominated sand with weatherable silicate minerals holds the potential to provide CO2 sequestration benefits. This study reviewed the existing research and estimated net CO2 sequestration potential in scenarios involving the application of basaltic sand on golf courses.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Power et al. (2023): The Mining Industry’s Role in Enhanced Weathering and Mineralization for CO2 Removal

Ian M. Power, Carlos Paulo, Kwon Rausis IN: Environmental Science Technologie, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c05081

As a supplier of rock powder, the mining industry will be at the epicenter of the global implementation of Enhanced weathering and mineralization (EWM). Certain alkaline mine wastes sequester CO2 under conventional mining conditions, which should be quantified across the industry. Furthermore, mines are ideal locations for testing acceleration strategies since tailings impoundments are contained and highly monitored. While some environmentally benign mine wastes may be repurposed for off-site use─reducing costs and risks associated with their storage─numerous new mines will be needed to supply rock powders to reach the gigatonne scale

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Van Der Bauwhede et al. (2024): Accelerated weathering of silicate rock dusts predicts the slow-release liming in soils depending on rock mineralogy, soil acidity, and test methodology

Robrecht Van Der Bauwhede, Bart Muys, Karen Vancampenhout, Erik Smolders IN: Geoderma, 441, 116734, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116734

This study addressed these questions by comparing and validating three accelerated weathering tests for their capacity to predict the gradual liming effects in a two-year outdoor mesocosm. Five commercial RDs (two basalts, phonolite, foidite, and trachy-andesite) were tested in four acidified forest soils varying in initial pH, in texture and associated pH buffer power.

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Reports

CDR Measurement for ERW via Alkalinity in Leachate (Data From Our Greenhouse Experiment, Part 2)

Carbon Drawdown Initiative, December 1, 2023

In this paper the authors delve into Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW) and its potential for Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) in agricultural settings. They present the first results of our extensive greenhouse experiment that was started early 2023 with the goal to measure the climate-positive effects of ERW on relatively short timescales (months to a few years). To achieve this they are experimenting with several measurement approaches. One of them is based on analyzing alkalinity in leachate waters, the topic of this paper where the authors both explain how it works and what the first results tell us.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Tapia et al. (2023): Bilevel Optimization of Enhanced Weathering Networks with P-graph

Tapia J.F.D., Aviso K.B., Tan R.R., Walmsley T.G. IN: Chemical Engineering Transactions, 103, 451-456

Enhanced weathering (EW) is a promising CDR technique based on the acceleration of naturally occurring reactions between alkaline minerals with carbonic acid in rainwater. The reactive minerals are pulverized and then applied at a calibrated rate to terrestrial sites; the weathering reaction results in carbon sequestration as bicarbonate ions in the runoff water. EW can be deployed via carbon management networks (CMNs) of sources (mineral-crushing plants) and sinks (application sites). However, current CMN optimization models fail to account for the presence of multiple players (i.e., government and industry) with conflicting objectives. Bilevel optimization models can be used to account for these conflicts via leader-follower games. In this work, a P-graph approach to the optimization of EW-based CMNs is developed.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Chen et al. (2023): Theoretical evaluation on CO2 removal potential of enhanced weathering based on shrinking core model

Anqi Chen, Zhuo Chen, Bo-Lin Lin IN: Environmental Research Letters, DOI10.1088/1748-9326/ad085e

Among the engineered CDRs, enhanced weathering (EW) is expected to exhibit substantial potential for CO2 removal, owing to the availability of abundant reserves of ultramafic rocks and demonstration of worldwide liming practice. While the shrinking core model (SCM) has been commonly adopted in previous theoretical and experimental studies, there still lacks a comprehensive assessment on the impacts of model parameters, such as rock particle size, size distribution, weathering rate and time length on the weathering kinetics and the resultant CDR potential. Herein, this study incorporates particle size distribution of rock powder into the surface reaction-controlled SCM, and conducts sensitivity analysis on EW’s CDR potential quantitatively.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Martin et al. (2023): Improving nitrogen cycling in a land surface model (CLM5) to quantify soil N2O, NO, and NH3 emissions from enhanced rock weathering with croplands

Maria Val Martin, Elena Blanc-Betes, Ka Ming Fung, Euripides P. Kantzas, Ilsa B. Kantola, Isabella Chiaravalloti, Lyla L. Taylor, Louisa K. Emmons, William R. Wieder, Noah J. Planavsky, Michael D. Masters, Evan H. DeLucia, Amos P. K. Tai, David J. Beerling IN: Geoscientific Model Development, 16, 20, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5783-2023

Unintended biogeochemical interactions with the nitrogen cycle may arise through enhanced rock weathering (ERW) increasing soil pH as basalt grains undergo dissolution that may reinforce, counteract, or even offset the climate benefits from carbon sequestration. Increases in soil pH could drive changes in the soil emissions of key non-CO2 greenhouse gases, e.g., nitrous oxide (N2O), and trace gases, e.g., nitric oxide (NO) and ammonia (NH3), that affect air quality and crop and human health. The authors present the development and implementation of a new improved nitrogen cycling scheme for the Community Land Model v5 (CLM5), the land component of the Community Earth System Model, allowing evaluation of ERW effects on soil gas emissions.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Buckingham & Henderson (2023): The enhanced weathering potential of a range of silicate and carbonate additions in a UK agricultural soil

F.L. Buckingham, G.M. Henderson IN: Science of The Total Environment, 907, 167701, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167701

In this study, soil cores extracted from a typical UK agricultural site in Oxfordshire were used to geochemically assess the efficacy of EW while simulating field conditions. Six material “treatments” were applied to soil cores at a rate equivalent to 50 t ha−1: agricultural lime (aglime), basalt, cement kiln dust (CKD), olivine, steel slag, and volcanic ash. A range of chemical measurements were used to constrain the rate of dissolution, fate of dissolution products, and the CDR potential and environmental impact of treatment.

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