Schlagwort: ocean-based CDR

Peer-reviewed Publications

Suessle et al. (2026): Ocean alkalinity enhancement reduces silica ballasting during export due to amplified dissolution

Philipp Suessle, Kai Georg Schulz, Joana Barcelos e Ramos, Nico Manuel Sievers, Julieta Schneider, Juliane Katharina Tammen, Leila Kittu, Laura Marín-Samper, and Ulf Riebesell, IN: EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1300

Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is a carbon dioxide removal technology (CDR) proposed to store carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the ocean on human-relevant time scales. However, depending on OAE intensity, resulting shifts in seawater carbonate chemistry speciation could alter community-driven biomass build-up, particulate stoichiometry, and transformation during particle export. Using mesocosms in the eutrophic North Sea (Helgoland, Germany), the authors established six alkalinity levels under two dilution scenarios (localized vs. uniform OAE additions) for 39 days.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Devi et al. (2025): Electrodeposition of Carbon-Trapping Minerals in Seawater for Variable Electrochemical Potentials and Carbon Dioxide Injections

Nishu Devi, Xiaohui Gong, Daiki Shoji, Amy Wagner, Alexandre Guerini, Davide Zampini, Jeffrey Lopez and Alessandro F. Rotta Loria, IN: Advanced Sustainable Systems, https://doi.org/10.1002/adsu.202400943

Seawater offers immense potential for addressing global energy and climate challenges. Electrochemical seawater splitting is a sustainable approach for hydrogen production and carbon dioxide (CO₂) sequestration, producing hydrogen gas at the cathode and oxygen or chlorine gas at the anode. Simultaneously, minerals such as calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide precipitate at the cathode, especially when coupled with CO₂ injections for the sake of CO₂ sequestration. These precipitates are often dismissed as energy-intensive byproducts. However, they have untapped potential as resources for construction, manufacturing, and environmental remediation. Here, a comprehensive experimental investigation is presented into the electrochemical precipitation of minerals in seawater under varying operational conditions.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Buesseler et al. (2026): The case for ocean iron fertilization field trials

Ken O. Buesseler, Daniele Bianchi, […], and Joo-Eun Yoon, IN: Ocean-Based Climate Solutions, https://doi.org/10.1177/29768659261420631

Solving the climate-ocean crisis requires both cutting emissions and pursuing carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Past ocean iron fertilization (OIF) experiments in some parts of the ocean have shown that small additions of iron can enhance phytoplankton growth and CO₂ drawdown. However, prior experiments did not assess the efficacy, durability, or feasibility of OIF for CDR, and broader ecological and biogeochemical responses were not evaluated given the short duration and limited spatial scales. The next generation of OIF field trials must be larger (ca. 1000 km²) and longer (>3–6 months) to observe the full response and return to baseline conditions. Potential risks will be assessed, while using community engagement and co-design to create go/no-go decision points. Planning and extrapolating impacts on regional and global scales will require modeling, with the overall goal to provide unbiased assessments and open-source protocols that can guide responsible and rigorous decision-making for any further OIF.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Marquez et al. (2026): Electrochemical Ocean-Based Carbon Capture: Roadblocks to Scale-Up

Raul A. Marquez, Adam C. Nielander, Joaquin Resasco, Thomas F. Jaramillo and C. Buddie Mullins, IN: ACS Energy Letters, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c04249

Electrochemical ocean-based negative emission technologies (EC-ONETs) are emerging strategies that harness the ocean’s capacity for carbon dioxide removal. These systems can couple carbon capture with renewable electricity and water treatment infrastructure and, in the long term, support more ambitious industrial and environmental remediation projects. However, progress—from early demonstrations to deployment at scale—hinges on a more nuanced understanding of electrochemical and transport phenomena in seawater, rigorous field validation, and identification of ecological risks. In this Perspective, the authors map the current portfolio of EC-ONETs, synthesize reported performance metrics, and outline their limitations and future opportunities.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Fakhraee & Planavsky (2026): Seaweed farms enhance alkalinity production and carbon capture

Mojtaba Fakhraee and Noah J. Planavsky, IN: Communications Sustainability, https://doi.org/10.1038/s44458-025-00004-8

Seaweed aquaculture is increasingly being explored as a sustainable source of food and industrial processing feedstock, as well as a potential climate solution through carbon dioxide removal. In this study, the authors use a sediment diagenetic model to quantify how elevated organic carbon fluxes beneath seaweed farms enhance sedimentary alkalinity fluxes, contributing to long-term carbon dioxide sequestration.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Raven et al. (2025): Ideas and Perspectives: Max MACS – constraining the potential global scale of Marine Anoxic Carbon Storage for CO₂ removal

Morgan Reed Raven, Nitai Amiel, Dror L. Angel, James P. Barry, Thomas M. Blattmann, Laura Boicenco, Antoine Crémière, Natalya Evans, Nora Gallarotti, Sebastian Haas, Jan-Hendrik Hehemann, Pranay Lal, David Lordkipanidze, Tiia Luostarinen, Aaron M. Martinez, Allison J. Matzelle, Selma Menabit, Mihaela Muresan, Andreas Neumann, Jean-Daniel Paris, Christopher R. Pearce, Nick Reynard, Daniel L. Sanchez, Florence Schubotz, Violeta Slabakova, Adrian Stanica, Andrew K. Sweetman, Tina Treude, Yoana G. Voynova and D. Nikolaos Zarokanellos, IN: EGUSphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-6086

Building on the results of a workshop in Bucharest, Romania in 2025, the authors discuss the potential impacts of MACS activities on the ecology, biogeochemistry, economy, and community around the Black Sea, seafloor brines, and other anoxic marine sites.

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Liu et al. (2025): Integrating experimental and geochemical modelling for productive carbon dioxide mineralization in the South China Sea

Bo Liu, Erfan Mohammadian, Amin Azdarpour, Rahim Masoudi, Chenlu Xu and Boyang Wang, IN: Communications Earth & Environment, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02988-6

Reaching carbon neutrality requires innovative and scalable carbon sequestration technologies. Here, the authors present an enhanced ex-situ mineral carbonation method using South China Sea seawater and calcium-rich additives for carbon dioxide storage. The authors conducted high-pressure (50–500 atm) laboratory experiments using calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, and wollastonite, and performed numerical geochemical simulations.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Verma & Gautam (2025): Mitigating atmospheric carbon dioxide through ocean-based carbon capture technologies: a delay mathematical model

Maitri Verma and Cherie Gautam, IN: The European Physical Journal Plus, https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06881-1

In this study, the authors develop a nonlinear mathematical model to examine how budget allocation for ocean-based carbon removal technologies and shellfish farming, along with delays between investment and impact, influences atmospheric CO₂ dynamics. The model considers that a portion of total budget is allocated for the implementation of ocean-based carbon removal technologies, while the remainder is invested in shellfish farming. The formulated model is qualitatively analyzed to determine the system’s behavior in the long run.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Delval et al. (2025): Life cycle assessment of ocean-based carbon dioxide removal approaches: A systematic literature review

Mona H. Delval, Nils Thonemann, Patrik J.G. Henriksson, Samantha E. Tanzer, Paul Behrens, IN: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2025.116091

As climate impacts worsen, novel technologies to draw down atmospheric carbon are gaining attention. One such approach is ocean-based carbon dioxide removal (OCDR). However, the potential environmental side-effects of large-scale OCDR deployment remain understudied. Here, the authors present a systematic literature review of the life cycle assessments (LCAs) of OCDR approaches.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Delval et al. (2025): Life cycle assessment of ocean-based carbon dioxide removal approaches: A systematic literature review

Mona H. Delval, Nils Thonemann, Patrik J.G. Henriksson, Samantha E. Tanzer and Paul Behrens, IN: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2025.116091

As climate impacts worsen, novel technologies to draw down atmospheric carbon are gaining attention. One such approach is ocean-based carbon dioxide removal (OCDR). However, the potential environmental side-effects of large-scale OCDR deployment remain understudied. Here, the authors present a systematic literature review of the life cycle assessments (LCAs) of OCDR approaches.

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