Tag: CCS

Peer-reviewed Publications

Kloesel et al. (2025): Carbon Dioxide Reduction and Removal toward Net-Zero: A Needed Change of Narrative

Katrina Kloesel, Vittoria Bolongaro, Paolo Gabrielli, Viola Becattini, Marco Mazzotti, IN: Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00684

This work provides a simple physical framework to analyze the challenges related to achieving a net-zero carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission target, with a specific focus on CO₂ management solutions based on CO₂ capture and storage (CCS), biomass use with CCS, and direct air capture of CO₂ from the atmosphere with permanent storage. The framework is based on a simplified schematic of the Earth system, a simple mathematical model of such a system, and a graphical representation of it (called a scenario diagram), where the states of the Earth system can be mapped, from the net-positive world of today to any net-zero and net-negative future scenario.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Bataille et al. (2025): Defining ‘abated’ fossil fuel and industrial process emissions

Christopher Bataille, Alaa Al Khourdajie, Heleen de Coninck, Kiane de Kleijne, Lars J. Nilsson, Igor Bashmakov, Steven J. Davis, Paul S. Fennell, IN: Energy and Climate Change, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100203

There is scientific consensus that limiting warming in line with the Paris Agreement goals requires reaching net zero CO₂ emissions by mid-century and net negative emissions thereafter. Because of the entrenchment of current fossil fuel energy and feedstock demand estimated in almost all global modelled scenarios, “abated” fossil fuel and industrial process and product use (IPPU) CO₂ emissions, using carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies to perform carbon management, are likely to be part of any transition. In addition to fossil fuel combustion, this will be primarily in cement & lime kilns, chemical production, and possibly waste incineration and iron and steel making, in processes producing maximally concentrated CO₂ waste streams. Abated fossil fuel and IPPU CO₂ emissions in the context of recent commitments, however, requires consideration of capture rates for fuel processing and end-use, permanence of storage, reduction of upstream production and end-use fugitive methane, and sufficient means to sequester residual emissions. Based on an assessment of evolving CCS technologies in existing sectors and jurisdictions, criteria are proposed for defining a benchmark for “abated” fossil fuel and IPPU emissions as where near 100 % GHG abatement is to be eventually achieved, with N₂O and fluorinated gases considered separately.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Nature – Wanget al. (2025): Study on carbonation behavior and carbon footprint of steel slag-calcium carbide slag-desulfurization gypsum composite system

Kang Wang, Hao Zheng, Shanhu Li, Yu Sun, Haojing Ba and Juntao Ma IN: Scientific Reports, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-99803-1

This study investigates the synergistic carbonation mechanism of SS when combined with calcium carbide slag (CCS) and desulfurization gypsum (DG) under various water-to-binder ratios (w/bs). The mineral evolution, carbon sequestration performance, and carbon footprint of the multi-solid waste composite system are comprehensively analyzed.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Science – Tangparitkulet al. (2025): CO₂ storage infrastructure and cost estimation for bioenergy with carbon capture and storage in Northern Thailand

Suparit Tangparitkul, Thakheru Akamine, Romal Ramadhan, Vorasate Thanasaksukthawee, Chetsada Tapanya, Thanapol Tantisattayakul and Premrudee Kanchanapiya IN: Carbon Capture Science & Technology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100425

The current study evaluated CO₂ storage infrastructure in Northern Thailand’s onshore saline formations to support BECCS deployment and contribute to the nation’s decarbonization goals under its Nationally Determined Contribution. The geological storage potential, CO₂ plume migration, storage containment, and cost estimates of the Lampang and Nong Bua Basins were comprehensively assessed. Numerical simulations were performed to evaluate storage capacities and containment mechanisms, incorporating reservoir heterogeneity and geomechanical constraints.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Otabir et al. (2025): Geochemical Impacts of CO2 Mineralization in Carbonate and Basalt Formations: A Critical Review on Challenges and Future Outlook

Prince N. Y. M. Otabir, Aaditya Khanal, Fatick Nath IN: Energy & Fuels, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c04424

Although sandstone reservoirs have been widely used for Carbon capture and storage (CCS) due to their favorable properties, their effectiveness is limited by slow mineral trapping. This review explores carbonate and basaltic formations as alternative CO2 storage solutions. Basalt formations contain highly reactive minerals that promote rapid CO2 mineralization. Pilot studies have demonstrated successful mineralization within 2 years. Carbonate formations also show promise for efficient CO2 trapping. However, several challenges must be addressed. These include complex interactions between CO2 and rock substrates, difficulties characterizing carbonate formations, and variable behavior in basalt formations under different conditions. This review comprehensively reviews and analyzes the current state of the art on the dissolution and mineralization processes in carbonate and basalt formations.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Berlianti et al. (2024): Evaluation of Potential Use of Multi-Level Sprayer and Electronic Controlling in Simple Wet Scrubber for CO2 Removal and Water Usage Efficiency Enhancement

 Berlianti Berlianti, Indra Agus, Rahmi Berlianti IN: Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 51(1), https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.51.1.218228

The work evaluates whether applying a multi-level sprayer with electronic control can reduce the value of CO2. The study’s objective is to assess the potential utilisation of multi-level sprayers and electronic control in determining the efficiency of a basic wet scrubber for removing CO2 generated from burning garbage, particularly dry waste like paper, with the additional goal of minimising water usage. The system will be built in a small and simple wet scrubber with dimensions of 60 cm in height and about 40 cm in length and width. CO2 value and water usage in the wet scrubber will be measured. 

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Nayab et al. (2024): Review Analysis on Scalability of Carbon Removal Methods and Regulatory Framework for Carbon Management for Companies that sell materials to remove CO2

Tooba Nayab, Talal Ahmed, Devindi Wijekoon IN: Journal of Applied Geosciences and Engeneering, 3, https://doi.org/10.37905/jage.v3i1.25695

This article provides a comprehensive overview of various carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technologies and approaches aimed at reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations. It evaluates the effectiveness, costs, and potential scalability of different methods proposed by companies and research organizations worldwide. The article also examines the costs associated with these technologies and their capacity to remove significant amounts of CO2 from the atmosphere. Furthermore, it explores future pathways and frameworks for achieving gigaton-scale carbon dioxide removal, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and technological innovation in addressing the urgent challenge of climate change.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Nature – Wijaya et al. (2024): Basin-scale study of CO2 storage in stacked sequence of geological formations

Nur Wijaya, David Morgan, Derek Vikara, Timothy Grant, Guoxiang Liu IN: scientific reports, 14, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-66272-x

Commercial scale decarbonization through carbon capture and storage may likely involve many CO2 storage projects located in close proximity. The close proximity could raise concerns over caprock integrity associated with reservoir pressure buildup and interference among adjacent projects. Commercial-scale injection will also require large prospective CO2 storage resource and high injectivity in the targeted storage formations. To accommodate the need for both large resource and high injectivity, project operators could consider injecting CO2 into a stacked sequence of formations. This analysis investigates the benefits of injecting CO2 into a vertically stacked sequence of saline formations, over injecting the same amount of CO2 into a single saline formation, in addressing these challenges.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Kopf et al. (2024): Initial results of a pilot project for sub-seabed basalt storage of carbon dioxide on the Reykjanes Ridge

Achim Kopf, Sayoni Bhattacharya, Melanie Dunger, Alexander Hinz, Marcel Kamrad, Isabel Kremin, Isabel Lange, Eric Pieter Achterberg, Wolfgang Bach, Ralf Bachmayer, Raimund Brunner, Martin Eickhoff, Mario Esposito, Tim Freudenthal, Nike Fuchs, Christian Meurer, Lars Rüpke, Heinz Schelwat, Gerd Seidel, Matthias Zabel IN: Carbon Capture Science & Technology, 13, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccst.2024.100265

This paper summarizes the research objectives and selected initial results of a collaborative project to assess CO2 storage in the upper ocean crust south of Iceland. The AIMS3 project will deliver new insights, monitoring tools and feasibility assessments for CO2 storage in young, reactive basalts with little sedimentary cover. Along the flank of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the authors have done geophysical surveys and drilled a transect of boreholes in order to identify fluid migration in the upper ocean crust. In parallel, their project also has mineralization experiments to assess optimal conditions for injection dissolved, liquid, or supercritical CO2), numerical modelling for upscaling our results from seagoing work, and development of cost-effective sensors and smart robotic landers for long-term monitoring of the vicinity of the boreholes.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Seyyedi & Consoli (2024): From gas to stone: In-situ carbon mineralisation as a permanent CO2 removal solution

Mojtaba Seyyedi, Chris Consoli IN: International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 137, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2024.104217

This review paper aims to provide an in-depth overview of Carbon mineralisation in underground mafic and ultramafic formations, known as in-situ carbon mineralisation. The paper covers key factors crucial for successful implementation, and discusses pilot tests and projects, highlighting their outcomes. Furthermore, it discusses the costs associated with in-situ carbon mineralisation and provides a case study. The primary objective of this paper is to increase awareness and understanding of this relatively new technology within the carbon capture and storage industry.

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