Tag: CDR

Javadi et al. (2024): The impact of regional resources and technology availability on carbon dioxide removal potential in the United States

Parisa Javadi, Patrick O’Rourke, Jay Fuhrman, Haewon McJeon, Scott C Doney, William Shobe, Andrés F Clarens IN: Environmental Research: Energy 1, 045007, https://doi.org/10.1088/2753-3751/ad81fb

Using the global change analysis model for the United States (GCAM-USA), the authors modeled six classes of CDR and explored their potential using four scenarios: a scenario where all the CDR pathways are available (Full Portfolio), a scenario with restricted carbon capture and storage (Low CCS), a scenario where the availability of bio-based CDR options is limited (Low Bio), and a scenario with constraints on enhanced rock weathering (ERW) capabilities (Low ERW). 

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Nature – Adun et al. (2024): Near-term carbon dioxide removal deployment can minimize disruptive pace of decarbonization and economic risks towards United States’ net-zero goal

Humphrey Adun, Jeffrey Dankwa Ampah, Olusola Bamisile, Yihua Hu, Iain Staffell, Haris R. Gilani IN: Communications Earth & Environment, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01916-4

The authors quantify how different carbon removal methods and their deployment timing affect achieving net zero emissions by 2050 in the United States.

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Nature – Liu et al. (2024): Strong El Niño and La Niña precipitation—sea surface temperature sensitivity under a carbon removal scenario

Chao Liu, Soon-Il An, Zixiang Yan, Soong-Ki Kim, Seungmok Paik IN: Communication Earth & Environment, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01958-8

Here, the authors identify distinct hysteresis features in the precipitation-sea surface temperature sensitivity between strong El Niño and La Niña phases using a large ensemble carbon removal numerical simulation. The strong El Niño precipitation sensitivity exhibits a century-scale hysteretic enhancement and eastward shift, mainly due to modulated deep convection anomalies by the Intertropical Convergence Zone via cloud-longwave feedback.

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Repke et al. (2024): Attention and positive sentiments towards carbon dioxide removal have grown on social media over the past decade

T Repke, F Müller-Hansen, E Cox, JC Minx, IN:
Communications Earth and Environment

Scaling up CO2 removal is crucial to achieve net-zero targets and limit global warming. To engage with publics and ensure a social licence to deploy large-scale carbon dioxide removal (CDR), better understanding of public perceptions of these technologies is necessary. Here, the authors analyse attention and sentiments towards ten CDR methods using Twitter data from 2010 to 2022. 

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Nature – Schleussner et al. (2024): Overconfidence in climate overshoot

Carl-Friedrich Schleussner, Gaurav Ganti, Quentin Lejeune, Biqing Zhu, Peter Pfleiderer, Ruben Prütz, Philippe Ciais, Thomas L. Frölicher, Sabine Fuss, Thomas Gasser, Matthew J. Gidden, Chahan M. Kropf, Fabrice Lacroix, Robin Lamboll, Rosanne Martyr, Fabien Maussion, Jamie W. McCaughey, Malte Meinshausen, Matthias Mengel, Zebedee Nicholls, Yann Quilcaille, Benjamin Sanderson, Sonia I. Seneviratne, Jana Sillmann, Christopher J. Smith, Norman J. Steinert, Emily Theokritoff, Rachel Warren, Jeff Price, Joeri Rogelj  IN: Nature, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08020-9

Here the authors show that global and regional climate change and associated risks after an overshoot are different from a world that avoids it. They find that achieving declining global temperatures can limit long-term climate risks compared with a mere stabilization of global warming, including for sea-level rise and cryosphere changes. However, the possibility that global warming could be reversed many decades into the future might be of limited relevance for adaptation planning today.

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Nature – Brunner et al. (2024): Durability of carbon dioxide removal is critical for Paris climate goals

Cyril Brunner, Zeke Hausfather, Reto Knutti IN: Communications Earth & Environment, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01808-7

Using a reduced-complexity climate model, here the authors examined the effect of Carbon Dioxide Removal with varying CO2 storage durations. They found that storage duration substantially affects whether net zero emissions achieve the desired temperature outcomes. With a typical 100-year storage duration, net zero CO2 emissions with 6 GtCO2 per year residual emissions result in an additional warming of 1.1 °C by 2500 compared to permanent storage, thus putting the internationally agreed temperature limits at risk. The findings suggest that a CO2 storage period of less than 1000 years is insufficient for neutralizing remaining fossil CO2 emissions under net zero emissions.

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Eberenz et al. (2024): Nine recommendations for engaging with the public and stakeholders for Carbon Capture, Transportation, Utilization, and Storage

Samuel Eberenz, Irina Dallo, Michèle Marti, Viola Becattini, Matthias Holenstein, Stefan Wiemer, Marco Mazzotti IN: Energy Research & Social Science, https://doi.org/10.1007/s41358-024-00379-5

A successful implementation of Carbon Capture, Transportation, Utilization, and Storage (CCTS/CCUS) projects depends on proactively communicating to and engaging with the public and relevant stakeholders. Based on the authors’ research in the framework of a pilot project demonstrating two complementary CCTS/CCUS pathways for Switzerland, they underpin this importance and present and exemplify nine recommendations for communication and stakeholder engagements.

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Waller et al. (2024): Questionable devices: Applying a large language model to deliberate carbon removal

Laurie Waller, David Moats, Emily Cox, Rob Bellamy IN: Environmental Science & Policy, 162, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2024.103940

This paper presents a device-centred approach to deliberation, developed in deliberative workshops appraising methods for removing carbon dioxide from the air. The authors approach involved deploying the Large Language Model application ChatGPT (sometimes termed “generative AI”) to elicit questions and generate texts about carbon removal.

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Nature – Dooley et al. (2024): Over-reliance on land for carbon dioxide removal in net-zero climate pledges

Kate Dooley, Kirstine Lund Christiansen, Jens Friis Lund, Wim Carton, Alister Self  IN: Nature Communications, 15, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53466-0

Here, the authors show that countries’ climate pledges require approximately 1 (0.9–1.1) billion ha of land for removals. For over 40% of this area, the pledges envisage the conversion of existing land uses to forests, while the remaining area restores existing ecosystems and land uses. They analyse how this demand for land is distributed geographically and over time.

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Uzoma & Adeniyi (2024): Projected impact of carbon dioxide (CO2) removal from the atmosphere on radiative flux over West Africa

E K Uzoma, M O Adeniyi  IN: Journal of Earth System Science, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-024-02408-x

In this paper, the impact of CO2 removal on radiative flux at the TOA and surface over West Africa is investigated. A decrease in TOA downwelling shortwave radiations across the periods is simulated, signifying a reduction in warming at the TOA within latitude 14°N and above. Reduction in warming is projected in Niger, Burkina Faso, and Mali in the period 2020–2049 as TOA upwelling longwave radiation increased in these locations. Significant changes are projected more under clear sky conditions than cloudy. Removal of 1.13 ppm/yr (8.81 Gigatonnes of CO2 per year), 2.23 ppm/yr (17.39 Gigatonnes of CO2 per year), and 3.50 ppm/yr (27.30 Gigatonnes of CO2 per year) is projected for the periods 2020–2049, 2040–2069, and 2071–2100, respectively.

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