Schlagwort: CDR

Peer-reviewed Publications

Repke et al. (2024): Attention and positive sentiments towards carbon dioxide removal have grown on social media over the past decade

T Repke, F Müller-Hansen, E Cox, JC Minx, IN:
Communications Earth and Environment

Scaling up CO2 removal is crucial to achieve net-zero targets and limit global warming. To engage with publics and ensure a social licence to deploy large-scale carbon dioxide removal (CDR), better understanding of public perceptions of these technologies is necessary. Here, the authors analyse attention and sentiments towards ten CDR methods using Twitter data from 2010 to 2022. 

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Nature – Schleussner et al. (2024): Overconfidence in climate overshoot

Carl-Friedrich Schleussner, Gaurav Ganti, Quentin Lejeune, Biqing Zhu, Peter Pfleiderer, Ruben Prütz, Philippe Ciais, Thomas L. Frölicher, Sabine Fuss, Thomas Gasser, Matthew J. Gidden, Chahan M. Kropf, Fabrice Lacroix, Robin Lamboll, Rosanne Martyr, Fabien Maussion, Jamie W. McCaughey, Malte Meinshausen, Matthias Mengel, Zebedee Nicholls, Yann Quilcaille, Benjamin Sanderson, Sonia I. Seneviratne, Jana Sillmann, Christopher J. Smith, Norman J. Steinert, Emily Theokritoff, Rachel Warren, Jeff Price, Joeri Rogelj  IN: Nature, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08020-9

Here the authors show that global and regional climate change and associated risks after an overshoot are different from a world that avoids it. They find that achieving declining global temperatures can limit long-term climate risks compared with a mere stabilization of global warming, including for sea-level rise and cryosphere changes. However, the possibility that global warming could be reversed many decades into the future might be of limited relevance for adaptation planning today.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Nature – Brunner et al. (2024): Durability of carbon dioxide removal is critical for Paris climate goals

Cyril Brunner, Zeke Hausfather, Reto Knutti IN: Communications Earth & Environment, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01808-7

Using a reduced-complexity climate model, here the authors examined the effect of Carbon Dioxide Removal with varying CO2 storage durations. They found that storage duration substantially affects whether net zero emissions achieve the desired temperature outcomes. With a typical 100-year storage duration, net zero CO2 emissions with 6 GtCO2 per year residual emissions result in an additional warming of 1.1 °C by 2500 compared to permanent storage, thus putting the internationally agreed temperature limits at risk. The findings suggest that a CO2 storage period of less than 1000 years is insufficient for neutralizing remaining fossil CO2 emissions under net zero emissions.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Eberenz et al. (2024): Nine recommendations for engaging with the public and stakeholders for Carbon Capture, Transportation, Utilization, and Storage

Samuel Eberenz, Irina Dallo, Michèle Marti, Viola Becattini, Matthias Holenstein, Stefan Wiemer, Marco Mazzotti IN: Energy Research & Social Science, https://doi.org/10.1007/s41358-024-00379-5

A successful implementation of Carbon Capture, Transportation, Utilization, and Storage (CCTS/CCUS) projects depends on proactively communicating to and engaging with the public and relevant stakeholders. Based on the authors‘ research in the framework of a pilot project demonstrating two complementary CCTS/CCUS pathways for Switzerland, they underpin this importance and present and exemplify nine recommendations for communication and stakeholder engagements.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Waller et al. (2024): Questionable devices: Applying a large language model to deliberate carbon removal

Laurie Waller, David Moats, Emily Cox, Rob Bellamy IN: Environmental Science & Policy, 162, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2024.103940

This paper presents a device-centred approach to deliberation, developed in deliberative workshops appraising methods for removing carbon dioxide from the air. The authors approach involved deploying the Large Language Model application ChatGPT (sometimes termed “generative AI”) to elicit questions and generate texts about carbon removal.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Nature – Dooley et al. (2024): Over-reliance on land for carbon dioxide removal in net-zero climate pledges

Kate Dooley, Kirstine Lund Christiansen, Jens Friis Lund, Wim Carton, Alister Self  IN: Nature Communications, 15, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53466-0

Here, the authors show that countries’ climate pledges require approximately 1 (0.9–1.1) billion ha of land for removals. For over 40% of this area, the pledges envisage the conversion of existing land uses to forests, while the remaining area restores existing ecosystems and land uses. They analyse how this demand for land is distributed geographically and over time.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Uzoma & Adeniyi (2024): Projected impact of carbon dioxide (CO2) removal from the atmosphere on radiative flux over West Africa

E K Uzoma, M O Adeniyi  IN: Journal of Earth System Science, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-024-02408-x

In this paper, the impact of CO2 removal on radiative flux at the TOA and surface over West Africa is investigated. A decrease in TOA downwelling shortwave radiations across the periods is simulated, signifying a reduction in warming at the TOA within latitude 14°N and above. Reduction in warming is projected in Niger, Burkina Faso, and Mali in the period 2020–2049 as TOA upwelling longwave radiation increased in these locations. Significant changes are projected more under clear sky conditions than cloudy. Removal of 1.13 ppm/yr (8.81 Gigatonnes of CO2 per year), 2.23 ppm/yr (17.39 Gigatonnes of CO2 per year), and 3.50 ppm/yr (27.30 Gigatonnes of CO2 per year) is projected for the periods 2020–2049, 2040–2069, and 2071–2100, respectively.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Schenuit et al. (2024): Five principles for robust carbon dioxide removal policy in the G7

Felix Schenuit, Oliver Geden, Glen P. Peters IN: One Earth, 7, 9, DOI: 10.1016/j.oneear.2024.08.015

Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) policy is evolving rapidly but remains fragmented. Upcoming initiatives by the G7 members, which face expectations to be frontrunners in CDR deployment, should follow five principles for robust policies. This will be critical to prepare for distributional conflicts associated with achieving net-zero and net-negative emissions, both domestically and internationally.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Dooley et al. (2024): Understanding land-based carbon dioxide removal in the context of the Rio Conventions

Kate Dooley, Setu Pelz, Alexander Norton IN: One Earth, 7, 9, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2024.08.009

This paper introduces a framework for evaluating trade-offs in land-based CDR activities following the recent United Nations Environment Assembly definition of NBS. This framework emphasizes ecosystem integrity, human rights, and sustainable development, aligning with the objectives of the three Rio Conventions, which provide a guardrail to inform pathways toward feasible and equitable implementation. By applying this framework, the authors provide a more comprehensive understanding of the environmental and social constraints on CDR, ensuring that climate mitigation efforts do not compromise biodiversity, ecosystem services, or human well-being.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Migo-Sumagang et al. (2024): P-graph and Monte Carlo simulation approach for sustainable and risk-managed CDR portfolios

Maria Victoria Migo-Sumagang, Kathleen B. Aviso, John Frederick D. Tapia, Raymond R. Tan IN: Energy, 310, 133228, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.133228

This study proposes a two-step approach to optimize and check the robustness of NET portfolios, particularly for industrial-scale applications where resource availability fluctuates due to variations in energy, water, and fertilizer supply. The first step involves the process graph (P-graph) framework to generate optimal and near-optimal solution structures at minimum cost. The second step measures the probability of failure of these solutions against resource availability variations through Monte Carlo simulation. By comparing the cost and probability of failure, decision-makers can select a recommended solution that strikes a balance between robustness and cost. The proposed approach is demonstrated in two case studies involving NET portfolios.

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