Schlagwort: enhanced weathering

Peer-reviewed Publications

Tapia et al. (2023): Bilevel Optimization of Enhanced Weathering Networks with P-graph

Tapia J.F.D., Aviso K.B., Tan R.R., Walmsley T.G. IN: Chemical Engineering Transactions, 103, 451-456

Enhanced weathering (EW) is a promising CDR technique based on the acceleration of naturally occurring reactions between alkaline minerals with carbonic acid in rainwater. The reactive minerals are pulverized and then applied at a calibrated rate to terrestrial sites; the weathering reaction results in carbon sequestration as bicarbonate ions in the runoff water. EW can be deployed via carbon management networks (CMNs) of sources (mineral-crushing plants) and sinks (application sites). However, current CMN optimization models fail to account for the presence of multiple players (i.e., government and industry) with conflicting objectives. Bilevel optimization models can be used to account for these conflicts via leader-follower games. In this work, a P-graph approach to the optimization of EW-based CMNs is developed.

LINK

#
Peer-reviewed Publications

Chen et al. (2023): Theoretical evaluation on CO2 removal potential of enhanced weathering based on shrinking core model

Anqi Chen, Zhuo Chen, Bo-Lin Lin IN: Environmental Research Letters, DOI10.1088/1748-9326/ad085e

Among the engineered CDRs, enhanced weathering (EW) is expected to exhibit substantial potential for CO2 removal, owing to the availability of abundant reserves of ultramafic rocks and demonstration of worldwide liming practice. While the shrinking core model (SCM) has been commonly adopted in previous theoretical and experimental studies, there still lacks a comprehensive assessment on the impacts of model parameters, such as rock particle size, size distribution, weathering rate and time length on the weathering kinetics and the resultant CDR potential. Herein, this study incorporates particle size distribution of rock powder into the surface reaction-controlled SCM, and conducts sensitivity analysis on EW’s CDR potential quantitatively.

LINK

#
Peer-reviewed Publications

Martin et al. (2023): Improving nitrogen cycling in a land surface model (CLM5) to quantify soil N2O, NO, and NH3 emissions from enhanced rock weathering with croplands

Maria Val Martin, Elena Blanc-Betes, Ka Ming Fung, Euripides P. Kantzas, Ilsa B. Kantola, Isabella Chiaravalloti, Lyla L. Taylor, Louisa K. Emmons, William R. Wieder, Noah J. Planavsky, Michael D. Masters, Evan H. DeLucia, Amos P. K. Tai, David J. Beerling IN: Geoscientific Model Development, 16, 20, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5783-2023

Unintended biogeochemical interactions with the nitrogen cycle may arise through enhanced rock weathering (ERW) increasing soil pH as basalt grains undergo dissolution that may reinforce, counteract, or even offset the climate benefits from carbon sequestration. Increases in soil pH could drive changes in the soil emissions of key non-CO2 greenhouse gases, e.g., nitrous oxide (N2O), and trace gases, e.g., nitric oxide (NO) and ammonia (NH3), that affect air quality and crop and human health. The authors present the development and implementation of a new improved nitrogen cycling scheme for the Community Land Model v5 (CLM5), the land component of the Community Earth System Model, allowing evaluation of ERW effects on soil gas emissions.

LINK

#
Peer-reviewed Publications

Buckingham & Henderson (2023): The enhanced weathering potential of a range of silicate and carbonate additions in a UK agricultural soil

F.L. Buckingham, G.M. Henderson IN: Science of The Total Environment, 907, 167701, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167701

In this study, soil cores extracted from a typical UK agricultural site in Oxfordshire were used to geochemically assess the efficacy of EW while simulating field conditions. Six material “treatments” were applied to soil cores at a rate equivalent to 50 t ha−1: agricultural lime (aglime), basalt, cement kiln dust (CKD), olivine, steel slag, and volcanic ash. A range of chemical measurements were used to constrain the rate of dissolution, fate of dissolution products, and the CDR potential and environmental impact of treatment.

LINK

#
Peer-reviewed Publications

Holzer et al. (2023): Direct evidence for atmospheric carbon dioxide removal via enhanced weathering in cropland soil

Iris O Holzer, Mallika A Nocco, Benjamin Z Houlton IN: Environmental Research Communications, 5, 10, DOI 10.1088/2515-7620/acfd89

Models have suggested that enhanced weathering could, in principle, remove billions of tons of CO2 each year across global croplands, but methodological limitations have hindered direct measurement of CO2 sequestration via crushed rock amendments in agriculture. Further questions remain concerning the efficacy of this technology in arid climates. Here the authors provide direct evidence of rapid CO2 removal via enhanced weathering in soil pore water samples from a corn (Zea mays L.) cropping system in California.

LINK

#
Calls

Literature list on Enhanced Rock Weathering

As part of a review project, Tim Jesper Surhoff (Postdoctoral Researcher at Yale University, USA) is compiling a list of literature on enhanced rock weathering and asks which articles are still missing to create a complete database? The current and future list is public and he think very helpful for people trying to get into the field.

Please add literature using the form and reach out to collaborate.
You can find the current literature list here: https://tinyurl.com/ERWlit 
You can add literature that is missed using this form: https://tinyurl.com/ERWmorelit

# ,
Peer-reviewed Publications

Wallmann et al. (2023): Chemical Alteration of Riverine Particles in Seawater and Marine Sediments: Effects on Seawater Composition and Atmospheric CO2

Klaus Wallmann, Sonja Geilert, Florian Scholz IN: American Journal of Science 7, https://doi.org/10.2475/001c.87455

Numerous studies have shown that riverine particles react with seawater. Reactions include dissolution of reactive silicate minerals (e.g., feldspars) and formation of authigenic clays and carbonates. Previous studies have either focused on mineral dissolution (marine silicate weathering) or authigenic phase formation (reverse weathering). A comprehensive study that assesses all processes affecting the marine alteration of riverine particle has -to author’s knowledge- not yet been conducted. The authors contribution aims to fill this gap.

LINK

#
Media

Quantifying enhanced weathering

by Iris Holzer, Noah Sokol, Eric Slessarev, Kata Martin, Freya Chay, on carbonplan.org, September 11, 2023

„Researchers, companies, and policymakers are directing more attention toward enhanced weathering on agricultural fields as a low-cost and easy-to-implement approach to carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Although spreading rocks on fields might sound straightforward, demonstrating that it actually removes carbon from the atmosphere is surprisingly complex. Here, we introduce a new tool that catalogs quantitative methods which could contribute to enhanced weathering measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV).“

LINK

#
Peer-reviewed Publications

Rijnders et al. (2023): The effects of dunite fertilization on growth and elemental composition of barley and wheat differ with dunite grain size and rainfall regimes

Jet Rijnders, Sara Vicca, Eric Struyf, Thorben Amann, Jens Hartmann, Patrick Meire, Ivan Janssens, Jonas Schoelynck IN: Frontiers in Environmental Science, 11, https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1172621

In this study, the authors investigate the influence of dunite addition on growth of barley and wheat in a mesocosm experiment. They amended the soil with the equivalent of 220 ton ha-1 dunite, using two grain sizes (p80 = 1020 µm and p80 = 43.5 µm), under two rainfall regimes (each receiving the same amount of 800 mm water y−1 but at daily versus weekly rainfall frequency).

LINK

#
Peer-reviewed Publications

Kantola et al. (2023): Improved net carbon budgets in the US Midwest through direct measured impacts of enhanced weathering

Ilsa B. Kantola, Elena Blanc-Betes, Michael D. Masters, Elliot Chang, Alison Marklein, Caitlin E. Moore, Adam von Haden, Carl J. Bernacchi, Adam Wolf, Dimitar Z. Epihov, David J. Beerling, Evan H. DeLucia IN: Global Change Biology, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16903

The effectiveness of enhanced weathering was tested over 4 years by spreading ground basalt (50 t ha−1 year−1) on maize/soybean and miscanthus cropping systems in the Midwest US. The major elements of the carbon budget were quantified through measurements of eddy covariance, soil carbon flux, and biomass. The movement of Mg and Ca to deep soil, released by weathering, balanced by a corresponding alkalinity flux, was used to measure the drawdown of CO2, where the release of cations from basalt was measured as the ratio of rare earth elements to base cations in the applied rock dust and in the surface soil. 

LINK

#