CO2-removal News

Peer-reviewed Publications

Morganti et al. (2025): Monitoring marine carbon dioxide removal: quantitative analysis of indicators for carbon removed and environmental side-effects

Teresa Maria Morganti, Wanxuan Yao, Nadine Mengis, Andreas Oschlies and Gregor Rehder, IN: Environmental Research Letters, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ae1c54

Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal (mCDR) implementations can potentially remove 1–15 Gt CO₂ yr⁻¹, which encompasses the minimum requirement removal of CDR in 2050 to limit warming below 2 °C by 2100. Despite their potential, mCDR represents only a tiny fraction of currently deployed CDR methods. Their implementations require not only a comprehensive understanding of the marine processes involved, but also a robust monitoring for their effectiveness and potential environmental impacts. In this work, the authors surveyed the mCDR scientific literature to identify measurable indicators for quantitative information across different ecosystems and methods used for monitoring the carbon removed and environmental side-effects, and explored the main common challenges.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Noh et al. (2025): Revisiting the Additionality and Durability of Carbon Uptake in Large-Scale Ocean Iron Fertilization

Kyung-Min Noh, Xiao Liu, Charles Stock, Dennis McGillicuddy Jr. et al., IN: Research Square, https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7717531/v1

Climate stabilization pathways limiting global warming to 1.5–2 °C targets require emission reductions with additional carbon dioxide removal (CDR) of ~2–3 Pg C year⁻¹. Here, the authors assess the long-term additionality and durability of carbon uptake from large-scale ocean iron fertilization (OIF) using an Earth System Model under emissions-driven scenarios.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Hassan et al. (2025): Turning Biosolids into Carbon Storage: Scaling Subsurface Injection at the TIRE Facility to Meet Los Angeles’ 2050 Population-Driven Emission Demands

A. M. Hassan, I. Mohamed, O. Sameh, M. Fawzy, Y. Panchal, A. Amirlatifi, O. Abou-Sayed and A. Abou-Saye, IN: SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, https://doi.org/10.2118/229121-MS

The urgency of addressing global climate change, underscored by the 2015 Paris Agreement, coupled with Los Angeles’s significant population expansion since 2000 (≈11.17%) and anticipated growth through 2050, necessitates the implementation of robust and scalable carbon removal strategies. This study assesses how expanded subsurface Biosolid Slurry Injection (BSI) at the Terminal Island Renewable Energy (TIRE) facility can offset the city’s rising Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) footprint. The authors correlate historical and forecasted population trends with injected volumes and reservoir capacity, presenting a unique city-scale roadmap for transforming Sewage Sludge (i.e., Biosolids) into a durable carbon sink.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Wang & You (2025): Cropland Enhanced Weathering in Low GDP Regions for Gigaton Scale Carbon Removal with Potential Economic Co-benefits

Bingzheng Wang and Fengqi You, IN: Environmental Research Letters, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ae1cd4

Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) applies crushed silicate rocks like basalt to croplands and offers significant potential for atmospheric carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Here, the authors explored the potential of ERW as a bridge for sharing decarbonization responsibilities, with less-developed regions contributing cropland deployment and more developed regions providing financial support, thereby enhancing equity in global decarbonization.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Ma et al. (2025): Artificial intelligence for carbon sequestration: A multi-scale review of nature-based and engineered pathways

Jianhua Ma, Yongzhang Zhou, Luhao He, Palate Kenjiebo, Yijun Zheng and Xian Liu, IN: Science of The Total Environment, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180833

Global carbon neutrality goals are accelerating the development of carbon sequestration technologies, yet natural and engineered approaches still face major challenges in multi-scale modeling, optimization and mechanistic understanding. This review systematically classifies key pathways—including forest, soil and ocean sinks for nature-based solutions and CCUS, enhanced weathering, mineral carbonation and DAC for engineered solutions—while identifying the complex characteristics of carbon systems such as nonlinearity and multi-source heterogeneity.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Nature – Tajuelo Rodriguez et al. (2025): Effect of multiple calcination cycles on CO₂ capture efficiency during carbonation of MgO in a mineral looping process

Elena Tajuelo Rodriguez, Lawrence M. Anovitz, Sai Adapa, Ke Yuan, Dale Hensley, Dong Youn Chung, Matthew G. Boebinger, Andrew G. Stack and Juliane Weber, IN: Scientific Reports, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-23708-2

Magnesium oxide (MgO) is considered as a potential sorbent for direct air capture of carbon dioxide in a looping process. Previous research on mineral looping for carbon capture from flue gas using MgO has shown deactivation of the sorbent with repeated cycles but repeated cycling for carbonation at ambient conditions has not been yet investigated. Here, the authors tested three cycles of carbonation for MgO nano-scale powders with different starting surface area.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Nature – Carle et al. (2025): Aboveground biomass in Australian tropical forests now a net carbon source

Hannah Carle, David Bauman, Michael N. Evans, Ingrid Coughlin, Oliver Binks, Andrew Ford, Matthew Bradford, Adrienne Nicotra, Helen Murphy and Patrick Meir, IN: Nature, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09497-8

Here the authors use long-term forest inventory data (1971–2019) from Australian moist tropical forests and a causal inference framework to assess the carbon balance of woody aboveground standing biomass over time, the demographic processes accounting for it, and its climatic drivers, including cyclones.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Nature – Bach et al. (2025): Natural carbon uptake by ocean biology will not deliver credible carbon credits

Lennart T. Bach, Phil Williamson, Joanna I. House and Philip W. Boyd, IN: Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-025-00741-3

Natural CO₂ removal is increasingly being claimed as anthropogenic climate mitigation. This misrepresentation is already prevalent for forests and coastal ecosystems; there is now the risk of the error reoccurring for open-ocean CO₂ uptake via the biological carbon pump.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Han et al. (2025): Biochar-driven soil carbon sequestration: priming effects and emission reduction

Wei Han, Yujian Lai and Hongbing Ji, IN: Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts, https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2025/em/d5em00500k/unauth

This review critically analyzes the key mechanisms through which biochar stabilizes soil organic carbon, in accordance with the bidirectionality of priming effects.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Fantaye (2025): Comparative Analysis of Carbon Sequestration Potential of Agroforestry Systems in Habro District, Eastern Ethiopia

Yosef Fantaye, IN: The Forests, People and the Environment, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tfp.2025.101077

Agroforestry systems offer a promising nature-based solution for climate change mitigation by enhancing carbon (C) sequestration in both biomass and soils. This study was conducted in Habro District, West Hararghe Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia, to assess and compare the carbon stock potential of parkland and coffee-based agroforestry systems. Habro District was purposefully selected due to its prevalent agroforestry practices. A total of 32 farm plots (16 from each system) were randomly selected from two kebeles. Field measurements included vegetation inventory, soil sampling at two depths (0–20 cm and 20–40 cm), and biomass assessment using species-specific and general allometric equations.

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