Schlagwort: enhanced weathering

Peer-reviewed Publications

Holzer et al. (2023): Direct evidence for atmospheric carbon dioxide removal via enhanced weathering in cropland soil

Iris O Holzer, Mallika A Nocco, Benjamin Z Houlton IN: Environmental Research Communications, 5, 10, DOI 10.1088/2515-7620/acfd89

Models have suggested that enhanced weathering could, in principle, remove billions of tons of CO2 each year across global croplands, but methodological limitations have hindered direct measurement of CO2 sequestration via crushed rock amendments in agriculture. Further questions remain concerning the efficacy of this technology in arid climates. Here the authors provide direct evidence of rapid CO2 removal via enhanced weathering in soil pore water samples from a corn (Zea mays L.) cropping system in California.

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Calls

Literature list on Enhanced Rock Weathering

As part of a review project, Tim Jesper Surhoff (Postdoctoral Researcher at Yale University, USA) is compiling a list of literature on enhanced rock weathering and asks which articles are still missing to create a complete database? The current and future list is public and he think very helpful for people trying to get into the field.

Please add literature using the form and reach out to collaborate.
You can find the current literature list here: https://tinyurl.com/ERWlit 
You can add literature that is missed using this form: https://tinyurl.com/ERWmorelit

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Wallmann et al. (2023): Chemical Alteration of Riverine Particles in Seawater and Marine Sediments: Effects on Seawater Composition and Atmospheric CO2

Klaus Wallmann, Sonja Geilert, Florian Scholz IN: American Journal of Science 7, https://doi.org/10.2475/001c.87455

Numerous studies have shown that riverine particles react with seawater. Reactions include dissolution of reactive silicate minerals (e.g., feldspars) and formation of authigenic clays and carbonates. Previous studies have either focused on mineral dissolution (marine silicate weathering) or authigenic phase formation (reverse weathering). A comprehensive study that assesses all processes affecting the marine alteration of riverine particle has -to author’s knowledge- not yet been conducted. The authors contribution aims to fill this gap.

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Media

Quantifying enhanced weathering

by Iris Holzer, Noah Sokol, Eric Slessarev, Kata Martin, Freya Chay, on carbonplan.org, September 11, 2023

„Researchers, companies, and policymakers are directing more attention toward enhanced weathering on agricultural fields as a low-cost and easy-to-implement approach to carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Although spreading rocks on fields might sound straightforward, demonstrating that it actually removes carbon from the atmosphere is surprisingly complex. Here, we introduce a new tool that catalogs quantitative methods which could contribute to enhanced weathering measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV).“

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Rijnders et al. (2023): The effects of dunite fertilization on growth and elemental composition of barley and wheat differ with dunite grain size and rainfall regimes

Jet Rijnders, Sara Vicca, Eric Struyf, Thorben Amann, Jens Hartmann, Patrick Meire, Ivan Janssens, Jonas Schoelynck IN: Frontiers in Environmental Science, 11, https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1172621

In this study, the authors investigate the influence of dunite addition on growth of barley and wheat in a mesocosm experiment. They amended the soil with the equivalent of 220 ton ha-1 dunite, using two grain sizes (p80 = 1020 µm and p80 = 43.5 µm), under two rainfall regimes (each receiving the same amount of 800 mm water y−1 but at daily versus weekly rainfall frequency).

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Kantola et al. (2023): Improved net carbon budgets in the US Midwest through direct measured impacts of enhanced weathering

Ilsa B. Kantola, Elena Blanc-Betes, Michael D. Masters, Elliot Chang, Alison Marklein, Caitlin E. Moore, Adam von Haden, Carl J. Bernacchi, Adam Wolf, Dimitar Z. Epihov, David J. Beerling, Evan H. DeLucia IN: Global Change Biology, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16903

The effectiveness of enhanced weathering was tested over 4 years by spreading ground basalt (50 t ha−1 year−1) on maize/soybean and miscanthus cropping systems in the Midwest US. The major elements of the carbon budget were quantified through measurements of eddy covariance, soil carbon flux, and biomass. The movement of Mg and Ca to deep soil, released by weathering, balanced by a corresponding alkalinity flux, was used to measure the drawdown of CO2, where the release of cations from basalt was measured as the ratio of rare earth elements to base cations in the applied rock dust and in the surface soil. 

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Stubbs et al. (2023): Impact of wet-dry cycles on enhanced rock weathering of brucite, wollastonite, serpentinite and kimberlite: Implications for carbon verification

Amanda R. Stubbs, Ian M. Power, Carlos Paulo, Baolin Wang, Nina Zeyen, Sasha Wilson, Evelyn Mervine, Chris Gunning IN: Chemical Geology, 121674, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2023.121674

Enhanced rock weathering is a proposed CO2 removal strategy for mitigating climate change; its implementation can be facilitated by improving carbon verification methods. In this study, weathering experiments exposed brucite, wollastonite skarn, serpentinite, and kimberlite residues (Venetia Diamond Mine, South Africa), to wetting and drying cycles (4/day) for 1 yr to elucidate reaction pathways and rates while evaluating carbon verification tools, including mineral quantification, total inorganic carbon (TIC), and stable and radiogenic carbon isotopes.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Baek et al. (2023): Impact of Climate on the Global Capacity for Enhanced Rock Weathering on Croplands

Seung H. Baek, Yoshiki Kanzaki, Juan M. Lora, Noah Planavsky, Christopher T. Reinhard, Shuang Zhang IN: Earth’s Future, https://doi.org/10.1029/2023EF003698

Estimated total carbon sequestration potential from ERW on croplands and its potential sensitivity to climate conditions requires further understanding. Here we combine 1-D reactive transport modeling with climate model experiments to simulate ERW on ∼1,000 agricultural sites globally.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Flipkens et al. (2023): Acute bioaccumulation and chronic toxicity of olivine in the marine amphipod Gammarus locusta

Gunter Flipkens, Katharina Horoba, Kobe Bostyn, Luna J.J. Geerts, Raewyn M. Town, Ronny Blust IN: Aquatic Toxicology, 106662, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106662

Coastal enhanced silicate weathering (CESW) aims to increase natural ocean carbon sequestration via chemical weathering of finely ground olivine (MgxFe(1-x)SiO4) rich rock dispersed in dynamic coastal environments. However, the environmental safety of the technique remains in question due to the high Ni and Cr content of olivine. Therefore, the authors investigated the short term bioaccumulation and chronic toxicity of olivine in the marine amphipod Gammarus locusta.

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Peer-reviewed Publications

Chen et al. (2023): Experimentally-calibrated estimation of CO2 removal potentials of enhanced weathering

Anqi Chen, Zhuo Chen, Zetian Qiu, Bo-Lin Lin IN: Science of The Total Environment 900, 165766, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165766

Previous models have estimated annual CDR potentials ranging from 1 to 95 Gt by 2100, with the maximum significantly exceeding the anthropogenic CO2 emissions in 2021 (approximately 41 Gt). This raises concerns that a misconception may arise, suggesting active mitigations of CO2 emissions might not be necessary. Herein, the authors address this issue by partitioning the CDR potential of EW into two components, flow-through and non-flow-through processes, and develop an experimentally-calibrated model to reduce discrepancies between previous theoretical and experimental weathering rates

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