Umfrage im Rahmen des DACStorE-Projektes
Thema: Innovative Technologien zur Minderung des Klimawandels
CO₂-removal News
Duan et al. (2024): Insights into CO2 and N2O emissions driven by applying biochar and nitrogen fertilizers in upland soil
Tongzhou Duan, Jiating Zhao, Lizhong Zhu IN: Science of The Total Environment 929, 172439, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172439
we conducted batch experiments to study the effects and mechanisms of rice straw biochar application (produced at 300, 500, and 700 °C) on net greenhouse gas emissions (CO2, N2O, CH4) in upland soils under different forms of nitrogen fertilizers.
Brazzola et al. (2024): Utilizing CO2 as a strategy to scale up direct air capture may face fewer short-term barriers than directly storing CO2
Nicoletta Brazzola, Christian Moretti, Katrin Sievert, Anthony Patt, Johan Lilliestam IN: Environmental Research Letters 19 (5), 054037, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad3b1f
Direct air capture is increasingly recognized as a necessary puzzle piece to achieve the Paris climate targets. However, the current high cost and energy intensity of DAC act as a barrier. Short-term strategies for initial deployment, technology improvement, and cost reduction are needed to enable large-scale deployment. The authors assess and compare two near-term pathways leading to the same installed DAC capacity and thus yielding the same cost reductions: its combination with CO2 storage as direct air carbon capture and storage, or its deployment for CO2 utilization as direct air carbon capture and utilization e.g. for synthetic fuels, chemicals, and materials.
Nature – Low et al. (2024): Public perceptions on carbon removal from focus groups in 22 countries
Sean Low, Livia Fritz, Chad M. Baum, Benjamin K. Sovacool IN: Nature Communications 15, 3453, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-47853-w
Carbon removal is emerging as a pillar of governmental and industry commitments toward achieving Net Zero targets. Drawing from 44 focus groups in 22 countries, the authors map technical and societal issues that a representative sample of publics raise on five major types of carbon removal (forests, soils, direct air capture, enhanced weathering, and bioenergy with carbon capture and storage), and how these translate to preferences for governance actors, mechanisms, and rationales.
Tumber-Dávila et al. (2024): Hurricanes pose a substantial risk to New England forest carbon stocks
Shersingh Joseph Tumber-Dávila, Taylor Lucey, Emery R. Boose, Danelle Laflower, Agustín León-Sáenz, Barry T. Wilson, Meghan Graham MacLean, Jonathan R. Thompson IN: Global Change Biology 30 (4), e17259, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17259
New England is one of the most heavily forested regions in the United States (>75% forested by land area), and forest carbon is a significant component of climate mitigation policies. This paper investigates to what extent large infrequent disturbances, such as hurricanes, are a major source of uncertainty and risk for policies relying on forest carbon for climate mitigation, especially as climate change is projected to alter the intensity and extent of hurricanes.
Bach et al. (2024): Implementation of marine CO2 removal for climate mitigation: The challenges of additionality, predictability, and governability
Lennart T. Bach, Naomi E. Vaughan, Cliff S. Law, Phillip Williamson IN: Science of the Anthropocene 12 (1), 00034, https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2023.00034
The most widely considered mCDR methods are coastal blue carbon and seaweed farming that primarily depend on biological manipulations; ocean iron fertilisation, ocean alkalinity enhancement, and direct ocean capture that depend on chemical manipulations; and artificial upwelling that depends on physical manipulation of the ocean system. It is currently highly uncertain which, if any, of these approaches might be implemented at sufficient scale to make a meaningful contribution to net zero. In this paper a framework based on additionality, predictability, and governability to assess implementation challenges for these mCDR methods is derived.
Nature – Ngidi et al. (2024): Response of Sorghum bicolor genotypes for yield and yield components and organic carbon storage in the shoot and root systems
Asande Ngidi, Hussein Shimelis, Seltene Abady, Sandiswa Figlan, Vincent Chaplot IN: Scientific Reports 14, 9499, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-59956-x
Sorghum is a vital food and feed crop in the world’s dry regions. Developing sorghum cultivars with high biomass production and carbon sequestration can contribute to soil health and crop productivity. The objective of this study was to assess agronomic performance, biomass production and carbon accumulation in selected sorghum genotypes for production and breeding.
Buffi et al. (2024): Energy and GHG emissions assessment for biochar-enhanced advanced biofuels value chains
M. Buffi, O. Hurtig, M. Prussi, N. Scarlat, D. Chiaramonti IN: Energy Conversion and Management, 309, 118450, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2024.118450
The present study proposes an innovative approach, where carbon sequestration through biochar is obtained through the integration of slow pyrolysis with fast pyrolysis in decentralised biorefining systems, and then converted producing drop-in fuels from pyrolysis oil hydrotreating or gasification and Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis. The scope is either to achieve negative GHG emissions assigned to advanced biofuels, or to export the generated carbon credit for the carbon markets (i.e. outside the biofuels carbon intensity). The innovative concept entails process integration and optimisation for the different stages of biomass drying, conversion and upgrading into biofuels in a way to reduce fossil-based inputs, applying a full value chain approach. Methodological choices for the assumptions on life cycle emissions calculation are discussed, evaluating the environmental performances by comparing the new concept to traditional biofuels value chains. Using a tailored lifecycle accounting methodology, this paper demonstrates that high GHG emissions savings can be achieved.
Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) 2024-2044: Technologies, Players, Carbon Credit Markets, and Forecasts
Eve Pope, ITTechEx Research, April 2024
This report provides a comprehensive outlook of the emerging CDR industry and carbon credit markets, with an in-depth analysis of the technological, economic, regulatory, and environmental aspects that are shaping this market. In it, IDTechEx focuses on technologies that actively draw CO₂ from the atmosphere and sequester it into carbon sinks, namely: Direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS), Biomass with carbon removal and storage (BiCRS) including approaches such as BECCS (bioenergy with carbon capture and storage), biochar, biomass burial, and bio-oil underground injection, Land-based CDR methods, i.e. afforestation and reforestation and soil carbon sequestration techniques, Mineralization NETs that enhance natural mineral processes and Ocean-based CDR methods.
Iyer & Smith (2024): Impact of cement composition, brine concentration, diffusion rate, reaction rate and boundary condition on self-sealing predictions for cement-CO2 systems
Jaisree Iyer, Megan M. Smith IN: International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 134, 104126, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2024.104126
Here the authors examine the sensitivity of our model, describing CO2 leakage through wellbores, to cement composition, brine concentration, diffusion rates, and reaction rates. They also evaluate the impact of the boundary condition to allow comparisons between observations from experiments performed at constant flow rate and model predictions made at constant pressure conditions. The results show that diffusion and reactions rates have the most impact on the self-sealing criteria for cement-CO2 systems.